悬念·反讽·插叙:解析《瓦解》之艺术特色

Suspense,Irony and Flashback Narration: On the Artistic Features in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart

阿契贝在《瓦解》中采用悬念、反讽和插叙等叙事策略,揭示了其独特的小说艺术风格。顶针式悬念、分解式悬念和映衬式悬念成为小说情节发展的指路标,使故事情节环环相扣,激活了读者的阅读兴奋因子。言辞反讽、命运反讽和戏剧反讽是作者采用的正话反说或反话正说的叙事策略。讽刺和调侃的外观下潜藏着对生存境遇、部落文化和人生价值的深层哲理探求。此外,联想式插叙、转述式插叙和直述式插叙使小说脉络清晰,结构更加多样化,避免了平铺直叙的单调。这部小说的艺术特色和写作手法都与作家的个性品格、世界观和价值观有着密切的联系,给读者带来一种清新的感受。

In Things Fall Apart,Chinua Achebe,adopting the narrative tactics,such as suspense,irony and narration interposed with flashbacks,reveals the specific artistic features. Thimble suspense,decomposition suspense and contrast suspense,working as the signposts of the plots,enable the action lines to be closely related and thus stimulate the excitement factors in reading. Verbal irony,situational irony and dramatic irony are the narrative ways adopted by the author as the narrative strategies of reverse speech. The stories of irony and teasing imply the deep philosophical laws related to existence,clan cultures and life values. In addition,associative narration,re-told narration and direct narration make the plots of the novel clearer and the structure more diversified,avoiding the monotony of flat and direct narration. The artistic features and writing techniques of this novel,closely related to the writer’s personality,world outlook and values,bring a fresh air to the audience.