无机材料氧氮标准分析技术进展及现状

Progress and present situation of standard analysis techniques for oxygen and nitrogen in inorganic materials

通过对氧、氮含量标准分析方法进行整理、归纳,得出结论:惰气熔融红外吸收法和热导法是无机材料氧、氮含量现行主流标准分析方法;库仑滴定法、分光光度法逐渐被替代,或与新方法并存;蒸馏-中和滴定法在高含量氮的标准分析方法中保持优势;同时存在具有特色的杜马斯燃烧法、元素分析仪法以及质谱法。分别列出了各方法主要技术参数,剖析了惰气熔融红外吸收法和热导法的原理、制样要求、表面处理方法、助熔剂作用及比例、助熔剂种类、校准方式、校准物质等。展望低熔点金属及合金中氧、氮含量标准分析方法发展,期待更多设备、辅助材料的研发工作,使无机材料氧、氮含量标准分析方法更完善。共引用各类标准77项。

The standard analysis methods of oxygen and nitrogen contents were summarized,and the following conclusions were obtained:inert gas fusion infrared absorption and thermal conductivity were main standard analysis methods for oxygen and nitrogen content of inorganic materials at present;the coulometric titration and spectrophotometry had been gradually replaced or coexisted with new methods;the distillation-neutralization titration maintained its advantage in the standard analytical method of high nitrogen content;meanwhile,there were some other distinctive methods such as Dumas combustion method,elemental analyzer method and mass spectrometry.The main technical parameters of each method were listed.The inert gas fusion infrared absorption method and thermal conductivity method were analyzed in terms of analysis principle,sample preparation requirements,surface treatment method,function and proportion of flux,type of flux,calibration method and calibration material,etc.The development of standard analysis methods for oxygen and nitrogen content in low melting point metals and alloys were expected to develop more equipment and auxiliary materials and make the standard analysis methods for oxygen and nitrogen content more perfect.Total 77 standards were cited.