丹江口柑橘园土壤和叶片营养状况调查分析

Studies on nutrient contents of citrus orchard soils and leaves in Danjiangkou

在丹江口柑橘主产区42个柑橘园采集了土壤和叶片样品并进行养分测定,旨在研究土壤和叶片营养元素状况及相关性。结果表明,1)97.6%的柑橘园土壤pH值适宜柑橘生长;土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效硼、交换性镁、有效铁、有效铜、有效锌、交换性钙和有效锰处于缺乏或低量水平的柑橘园分别占71.4%、95.2%、64.3%、45.2%、100.0%、11.9%、16.7%、26.2%、14.3%、0.0%和0.0%。2)叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铜、锌、硼、铁和锰含量缺乏的柑橘园分别占31.0%、71.4%、81.0%、38.1%、83.3%、97.6%、95.2%、40.5%、0.0%和0.0%。3)土壤交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铁、有效锰和有效硼的丰缺状况与叶片中对应元素显著正相关,其它土壤营养元素与叶片相应元素无显著相关性。因此,建议柑橘园在营养管理上应因地制宜,增施有机肥及硼肥,合理施用氮、磷和钾肥。

Both soil and leaf samples were collected from 42 citrus orchards in Danjiangkou,and then analyzed for their nutrient contents.The specific objectives were to study on the status and correlation of nutrients in soil and leaves.The results showed that:1)The pH values of 97.6%samples were suitable.The deficiency rates of organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,available boron,exchangeable magnesium,available iron,available copper,available zinc,exchangeable calcium and available manganese were 71.4%,95.2%,64.3%,45.2%,100.0%,11.9%,16.7%,26.2%,14.3%,0.0%and 0.0%,respectively.2)The deficiency rates of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium,copper,zinc,boron,iron and manganese in leaves were 31.0%,71.4%,81.0%,38.1%,83.3%,97.6%,95.2%,40.5%,0.0%and 0.0%,respectively.3)The contents of soil available nutrients such as exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,available iron,available manganese and available boron in orchard soils were positively correlated with the contents of corresponding nutrients elements in leaves.However,there was no significant correlation between contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,copper and zinc in soil and leaves.Therefore,it is suggested that the management of citrus orchards should be adapted to local conditions.Organic fertilizer and boron fertilizer should be applied to the oranges orchards,and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied rationally.