儿童慢性原发性免疫性血小板减少症

Children with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia

原发性免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)是一种自身免疫性疾病,在儿童中发病率约为(4~5)/10万,多数(80%~90%)ITP患儿在确诊后12个月内血小板数可恢复正常,但少数(10%~20%)患儿血小板减少会超过1年,成为慢性ITP。慢性ITP的发病机制尚未清楚,现有研究认为是在患儿易感基因背景下,由于感染和免疫紊乱产生的自身免疫抗体对单核-巨噬细胞系统的破坏造成血小板减少。文章综述慢性ITP的诊断,预测因素及相关治疗方法。

Primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)is an autoimmune disease with an incidence about 4~5/100000 in children.Most children with ITP(80%-90%)return to normal within 12 months after diagnosis,but a few(10%-20%)have thrombocytopenia for more than 1 year,turned into chronic ITP(CITP).The pathogenesis of CITP is not clear.It is believed that under the background of susceptible genes in children,the destruction of monocyte-macrophage system caused by autoimmune antibodies produced by infection and immune disorder results in thrombopenia.According to the recent research on ITP,this paper reviews the diagnosis,predictive factors and treatment of CITP.