从美国丁香烟案看TBT国民待遇原则之应用规则

The Applicability of the TBT National Treatment Principle in the Case of American Clove Cigarette

国民待遇原则体现了当代国际贸易的公平精神,是WTO法律制度所规范的重要原则之一。其中,TBT协定第2.1条对该原则作出明确规定。然而,如何实现TBT协定中国民待遇原则的正确适用,人们对此问题的理解并不统一。为此,本文结合美国-印度尼西亚丁香烟争端案,对TBT国民待遇原则的适用规则进行了系统分析,特别是对同类产品和不低于待遇的认定方法标准进行了深入阐释,并对其优缺点进行评估,以期为WTO法律实践中国民待遇原则的准确理解和运用提供理论指导。

The principle of national treatment embodies the spirit of fairness in contemporary international trade,and it is one of the important principles regulated by the WTO legal system.Among them,article 2.1 of the TBT agreement makes a clear provision for this principle.However,the understanding of how to achieve the correct application of the principle of national treatment under the TBT agreement is not uniform.For this purpose,this paper makes a systematic analysis of the applicability rules of the principle of national treatment under the TBT agreement in the case of clove tobacco dispute between the United States and Indonesia,in particular the criteria for identification methods of like products and no less than treatment are deeply explained,and it also evaluates advantages and disadvantages of these criteria,in order to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate understanding and application of the principle of national treatment in WTO legal practice.