恩施州茶园不同控草方式影响研究初探

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Different Methods of Grass Control in Enshi Tea Gardens

为探索茶园生态健康的控草方式,设计除草布覆盖、套作绿肥2种处理方式,以常规管理为对照,分析其在抑草效果、土壤养分、土壤水分、土壤温度等方面的差异及对经济效益的影响。结果表明,对于供试地茶园内的13科26种杂草,3种控草方式对杂草鲜重和平均株高影响都存在差异性,其中,以除草布覆盖的防治效果最好,套作绿肥对土壤养分影响较为显著,除草布处理对茶园5 cm、10 cm深处的土壤影响较为明显;从成本投入情况分析,套作绿肥的投入最低,只有常规管理的18%;从绿色、安全又经济的角度,套作绿肥为恩施州最为适应的控草方式。

In order to explore the ecological and healthy methods of grass control in tea gardens,designed two New weeding methods:cloth covering and intercropping as green manure were applied.Comparing with the conventional management,the effects of grass control,soil nutrients,soil moisture,soil temperature and the economic benefits of three methods of grass control were analyzied.The results show that,for 26 weed species from 13 families in the tea gardens,the best control effect was achieved by covering them with weeding cloth,for which the growth of weed in the tea garden could be effectively controlled.The three methods of grass control had different effects on fresh weight and average plant height of weed.Intercropping of green manure had a significant effect on soil nutrients.The effect of weeding cloth treatment on the soil of tea garden was obvious at 5 cm and 10 cm.In the hottest weather conditions,the green manure can play a role in soil water conservation.From the analysis of the cost input,the investment in green manure was the lowest,only 18%of the conventional management.From the point of view of green security and economy,interplanting green manure is the most suitable way to control grass in Enshi.