水蛭不同炮制品对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学及凝血指标的影响

Effects of Different Processed Products of Whitmania pigra on Hemorheology and Coagulation Indexes in Acute Blood Stasis Model Rats

目的:研究水蛭不同炮制品对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学及凝血指标的影响。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,阿司匹林组,水蛭吊干品低、中、高剂量组,水蛭滑石粉烫制品低、中、高剂量组,水蛭酒润麸制品低、中、高剂量组,每组6只。除空白组外,其余各组大鼠以皮下注射盐酸肾上腺素加冰水浴复制急性血瘀模型,造模时间15 d。从造模的第8天起,阿司匹林组大鼠灌胃阿司匹林0.2 g/kg,水蛭炮制品各剂量组大鼠灌胃相应药物(0.35、1.4、3.5 g/kg,均以生药量计),空白组和模型组大鼠灌胃等体积生理盐水,每日1次,连续8 d。测定各组大鼠的全血黏度(低、中、高切变率)、血浆黏度、红细胞变形指数、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积等血液流变学指标以及凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)等凝血指标。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠不同切变率下的全血黏度和血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积均显著升高,红细胞变形指数显著降低,PT、TT、APTT均显著缩短(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,阿司匹林组和水蛭吊干品、滑石粉烫制品、酒润麸制品高剂量组大鼠不同切变率下的全血黏度和血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积均显著降低,红细胞变形指数显著升高,PT(仅水蛭滑石粉烫制品高剂量组)、APTT(除水蛭吊干品高剂量组外)、TT均显著延长;水蛭吊干品中剂量组大鼠低切变率下的全血黏度以及水蛭滑石粉烫制品低剂量组和酒润麸制品中剂量组大鼠低、中切变率下的全血黏度均显著降低;水蛭滑石粉烫制品中剂量组大鼠红细胞变形指数显著升高,红细胞聚集指数显著降低,PT和TT显著延长;水蛭吊干品中剂量组大鼠的APTT显著延长;水蛭酒润麸制品低剂量组大鼠红细胞压积显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:水蛭吊干品、滑石粉烫制品、酒润麸制品均能够有效改善急性血瘀模型大鼠的血液流变学指标、延长凝血时间。

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different processed products of Whitmania pigra on hemorheology and coagulation indexes in acute blood stasis model rats.METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,aspirin group,W.pigra hang-dried product low-,medium-and high-dose groups,W.pigra talcum powder-ironed product low-,medium-and high-dose groups,W.pigra wine bran-processed product low-,medium-and high-dose groups,with 6 rats in each group.Except for blank group,other groups received subcutaneous injection of epinephrine hydrochloride and ice water bath for 15 d to induce acute blood stasis model.From the 8 th day of modeling,rats in aspirin group were given aspirin 0.2 g/kg intragastrically.Rats in each dose group of W.pigra processed products were given relevant medicine 0.35,1.4,3.5 g/kg intragastrically(calculated by crude drug).Rats in blank group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 8 days.Hemorheology indexes as whole blood viscosity(high,medium and low shearrate),plasma viscosity,erythrocyte deformation index,erythrocyte aggregation index,hematocrit,and blood coagulation indexes as prothrombin time(PT),activated partial prothrombin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT)were determined.RESULTS:Compared with blank group,whole blood viscosity under different shear rates,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index and hematocrit of model group were increased significantly,while erythrocyte deformation index was significantly decreased,PT,TT and APTT were significantly shortened(P<0.01).Compared with model group,whole blood viscosity under different shear rates,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index and hematocrit of aspirin group and W.pigra hang-dried product,talcum powder-ironed product,wine bran-processed product high-dose groups were decreased significantly,while erythrocyte deformation index were significantly increased,and PT(only W.pigra talcum powder-ironed products high-dose group),APTT(except for W.pigra hang-dried products high-dose group)and TT were prolonged significantly.The whole blood viscosity of W.pigra hang-dried product medium-dose group under low shear rate,and those of W.pigra talcum powder-ironed product low-dose,wine bran-processed product medium-dose groups under low and medium shear rates were decreased significantly.Erythrocyte deformation index of W.pigra talcum powder-ironed product medium-dose group was increased significantly,while erythrocyte aggregation index was decreased significantly,and PT,TT were prolonged significantly.APTT of W.pigra hang-dried product medium-dose group was prolonged significantly.Hematocrit of W.pigra wine bran-processed product low-dose group was decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS:W.pigra hang-dried,talcum powder-ironed and wine branprocessed product can effectively improve hemorheology indexes and prolong blood coagulation time.