儒学传统与全球性危机的应对(笔谈)

Confucian Tradition and the Response to the Global Crisis(Comments)

面对由疫情引发的全球性危机,在深厚的中华文化优秀传统中探索应对危机的成功经验和思想资源是应然之义。儒学在千百年的存亡接续过程中已成为中华文明的精神脉络,危机意识是扎根其中的重要理路,理性应对危机是儒学文脉传承的法宝。“武文兼资,仁义并行”的心学大师王阳明是把治疫与治心、治世相结合,协同施策,综合治理的成功典范。而作为一种思想选择,儒学智慧中关于幽与明,变化与知几,忧患与谦敬,通达与和谐等一系列概念范畴的阐释,可以成为理解当下生活世界的源头活水,给人们以更深刻的启示。公共卫生危机不仅是个医学问题,也关涉到社会治理应变、政治秩序构建等问题。传统儒家的“生活政治”范式,将日常生活纳入社会政治领域予以思考,强调“存之所慎:齐、战、疾”,防患于未然,对传统中国社会的秩序维系和社会稳定产生了积极的作用。在危机来临之时,所要审思的不只是对突发性公共卫生危机的处理方式,也应认真检视传统儒学文化现象及其行为方式。这是儒学,也是儒者应有的责任担当。即使用传统智慧化解危机存在着种种局限,在灾害过去之后可能出现三个“依然如故”(传统思想、自然灾难、精明人类)。但是,如果人们能够身体力行,树立抑制灾害的自觉意识,发展经济以保障人的生计,提升科技水平以减低污染程度,建立机制以规范人的行为,做到天、地、人各尽其性、各担其职、各守其分,那么,我们依然能与生机盎然的宇宙共享其胜!

It is necessary follow the profound excellent tradition of Chinese culture and explore the success and ideological resources in the face of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Confucianism has become the mainstream of Chinese civilization in its thousands of years’ struggle for survival. Crisis consciousness is an important part of Confucianism, and rational response to crisis offers a somehow magic solution. Wang Yangming, a master of mind science, was a successful example of comprehensive management, which combines the treatment of epidemic disease with that of heart and the world. As an ideological choice, Confucian interpretation of a series of concepts, such as quietness and brightess, change and knowledge, suffering and modesty, accessibility and harmony, helps to understand the current world with insightful wisdom. Public health crisis is not only a medical problem, but also an issue of social governance and political order construction. The traditional Confucian "Life Politics" paradigm assays daily life from a social political perspective, and emphasizes that "we should be cautious of fast, war, and epidemic disease". It is more effective to take preventive measures, which has played a positive role in maintaining the order and social stability of traditional Chinese society. When the crisis comes, we should not only think about measures against the sudden public health crisis, but also examine the traditional Confucian cultural phenomenon and corresponding ation. This is Confucianism, and the responsibility of Confucianism as well. There are limitations with traditional wisdom in response to the crisis, and there may be three "as is"(traditional thinking, natural disasters, smart human) after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, if we carry it out by actual efforts, enhance awareness of disaster prevention, boost economy for people’s livelihood, develop science and technology to reduce pollution, and establish mechanisms to regulate human behavior, so that heaven, earth and people run in their track respectively, and take their own responsibilities, we can keep in harmony with the vibrant universe.