萨特存在主义视域下的海明威经典作品研究

A Study on Hemingway's Classic Work from the Perspective of Sartre's Existentialism

《白象似的群山》是海明威较为重要的短篇小说之一。小说虽篇幅短小却文笔凝炼,以间接对话的形式揭示出人物的复杂心理以及文本的深层含义。借助男女主人公关于堕胎的对话,小说反映了一战后“迷惘一代”的生存状态和存在危机,而这一主题都与存在主义所关注的命题息息相关。以萨特存在主义为视角,论文从世界的荒诞和人生的痛苦、“他人即地狱”、自由选择的焦虑和困惑这三个方面对小说进行剖析,揭示了经历一战创伤后青年人遭遇的精神荒芜、思想焦虑以及人际间的情感疏离和关系异化。从文学作品的微观视角来反映对宏观世界的思考和对自身价值的追求,这对现代人探索自我、追求存在价值具有一定启示意义。同时,也必须指出,其中存在主义的消极与自我中心观念,则是必须进行思想观念批判的。

Hills like white elephants is one of Hemingway's important short stories.The novel is short in length,and concise in style.It reveals the complex psychology of the characters and the deep meaning of the text in the form of indirect dialogue.Based on the dialogues between the hero and heroine about abortion,the novel reflects the living status and existential crisis of the“lost generation”after World War I,which is closely related to the propositions of existentialism.In the light of Sartre's existentialism,this paper analyzes this novel from three aspects:1)the absurdity of the world and the suffering of life,2)“hell is other people”,and 3)the anxiety and confusion of free choice,so as to reveal the spiritual barrenness,mental anxiety,emotional distance and alienation in personal distance suffered by young people after the trauma of the First World War.The micro perspective of literary works can reflect the thinking of the macro world and the pursuit of their own value,which has certain enlightenment significance for modern people to achieve self-exploration and existence value.At the same time,the paper also criticizes the negative and self-centered concept of existentialism.