某燃料电池汽车能量管理策略优化方法研究

Research on Optimizing Energy Management Strategy of Fuel Cell Vehicle

目前燃料电池的输出特性偏软,不能吸收制动能量;而且在低温时启动性能受限,需要与辅助能源配合使用(如动力电池或超级电容),因此需要合适的能量管理策略对多种能量源的能量输入、输出进行管理,以达到更好的动力性、经济性。基于分析汽车行驶过程中的能量流动情况,并以专家经验为基础,以汽车需求功率、动力电池SOC为输入量,以燃料电池DC/DC端的输出功率为输出量,设计模糊能量管理策略。将模糊能量管理策略封装到ADVISOR整车仿真模型中,以NEDC循环工况进行仿真,仿真结果表明,模糊能量管理策略满足整车动力性和经济性设计目标,并且相较于传统功率跟随式控制策略在百公里氢耗上降低了8.98%、纯氢续驶里程提高了7.73%、总系统效率提高了4.02%。研究成果对更为合理地制定燃料电池汽车能量管理策略提供参考和依据。

At present,the output characteristic of fuel cell is too soft to absorb braking energy,and the performance of starting at low temperature is limited,so it needs to be used with auxiliary energy(such as power cell or super capacitor).Therefore,appropriate energy management strategy is needed to manage the energy input and output of various energy sources to achieve better power and economy.Based on the analysis of the energy flow in the process of driving,this paper designs fuzzy energy management strategy,the vehicle demand power rate and the power cell SOC as the input,and the fuel cell DC/DC output power as the output based on the expert experience.The fuzzy energy management strategy is encapsulated into ADVISOR of vehicle simulation model and simulated under NEDC cycle conditions.The simulation results show that the fuzzy energy management strategy meets the vehicle power and economic design objectives,and reduces the hydrogen consumption per 100 km by 8.98%,improves the driving mileage by 7.73%only using hydrogen and improves the total system efficiency by 4.02%.compared with the traditional power following control strategy.The research results provide reference and basis for formulating more reasonable energy management strategy of fuel cell vehicles.