2007-2019年贵州省流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Guizhou province,2007-2019

目的分析贵州省流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行病学特征。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集贵州省2007-2019年乙脑报告病例,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2007-2019年贵州省共报告乙脑2493例,年均发病率为0.53/10万;发病率从2007年的1.52/10万下降到2019年的0.06/10万。7-8月份为发病高峰。各市州乙脑年均发病率在0.23/10万(贵阳)-0.87/10万(黔西南)之间。0-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁、≥15岁年均发病率分别为3.02/10万、2.89/10万、0.98/10万、0.04/10万。在2017-2019年乙脑报告病例中有乙脑疫苗免疫史病例占48.86%;在<15岁病例中占61.43%。结论贵州省2007-2019年乙脑发病率呈显著下降趋势,<15岁儿童仍为高风险人群;建议进一步加强适龄儿童乙脑疫苗常规免疫和乙脑病例监测。

Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE)in Guizhou province.Methods We obtained data on JE cases reported to the National Notifiable Disease Information Reporting System during 2007-2019 in Guizhou for a descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 2493 JE cases were reported during 2007-2019 in Guizhou,yielding an average annual incidence of 0.53 cases per 100000 population.The incidence per 100000 decreased from 1.52 in 2007 to 0.06 in 2019.The incidence peaked between July and August.Incidences per 100000 by prefecture ranged from 0.23(Guiyang)to 0.87(Qianxinan).Incidences for 0-4,5-9,10-14,and≥15 year olds were 3.02,2.89,0.98,and 0.04 per 100000,respectively.Among JE cases during 2017-2019,48.86%had received JE vaccination,including 61.43%among<15 year old cases.Conclusions The JE incidence decreased significantly from 2007 to 2019 in Guizhou;children under 15 years old remain a higher-risk population.We suggest strengthening JE routine immunization for age-eligible children and strengthening JE surveillance.