乡土中国的现代化——乡村基层治理中的政府和社会

The Modernization of Rural China——The Complementarity between Government and Society in Rural Governance

随着中国经济的发展及城市化水平的提高,乡村社会治理结构正在发生巨大的变化,在这一过程中应处理好政府与社会之间的关系,充分实现传统社会资本与现代资源配置机制的互补。研究发现,传统乡村治理结构在当前乡村社会仍然在发挥作用,随着市场化和城市化进程的深入,传统资源配置机制的弊端在逐渐弱化,而其有利的一面依然保持。经济发展进程本身会自动淘汰传统资源配置机制的糟粕,保留其有利的一面。因此,政府可利用传统乡村治理结构中有利的一面,与之良性互动与配合,毋须急于去取代它,但要警惕基层政府的滥权之害。

With the rapid development of China’s economy and urbanization,the rural governance is shifting dramatically from the traditional type based on clan and kinship to the market and legal system.The relationship between society and government should be well handled to guarantee the complementarity between the traditional mechanisms and market and legal system during the transition.We find that the traditional mechanisms are still playing a role in contemporary rural China.Meanwhile,the drawbacks of the traditional mechanisms are gradually weakening,while their benefits still hold during marketization and urbanization.The economic development process itself will automatically mitigate the negative side of the traditional mechanisms,while their positive effects are still working.The government needs to take advantage of the benefits of the traditional social capital,interact and cooperate well with it.It’s not necessary to rush to replace the traditional social capital,but to be alert to the abuse of government power.