大型燃煤机组节能途径分析

Analysis of energy-saving approach for large coal-fired generating units

大型燃煤机组为我国经济社会发展提供了源源不断的能源供应,其节能降耗技术是一个经久不衰的话题。为了分析大型燃煤机组在电力生产过程中的节能潜力,基于热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律,分别利用热量法和?方法对机组各个环节进行能耗比较,进而展示热力发电过程节能的潜力分布。基于这一分析结果,讨论了现阶段多种节能技术能够节能降耗的原因。结果表明:机组发电过程中工质的?损是造成凝汽器热量流失的原因,而凝汽器冷端巨大的热量散失是发电机组发电过程不可逆损失导致工质能力下降的表现,其中锅炉受热面具有最大的节能潜力。同时,热电联产等节能技术有利于燃料能量的分级利用,这将大幅提高大型燃煤发电机组的综合能量利用效果。

Large-scale coal-fired units provide a steady supply of energy for Chinese economic and social development, and its energy-saving and consumption-reducing technology is a constant topic.Based on the first law of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics, the energy consumption of each link of the unit was compared using the thermal method and the Character of energy method, respectively, and the energy saving potential of the thermal power generation process distributed. The reasons why various energy-saving technologies can save energy and reduce consumption are discussed at this stage, according to the analysis result. The results show that the loss of various character of energy in the power generation process is the cause of the heat loss of the final condenser, and the huge heat loss at the cold end of the condenser is the performance of the irreversible loss of the generating set during the power generation process, which leads to a decline in the working capacity, where the heating surface of the boiler has the greatest energy saving potential. At the same time, energy-saving technologies such as combined heat and power are conducive to the hierarchical utilization of fuel energy, which will greatly improve the comprehensive energy utilization effect of large coal-fired generating units.