北京高校领导干部从业压力的三重来源及疏解策略

The Three-fold Sources and Relieving Strategies of Employment Pressure of Leading Cadres in Universities in Beijing

北京作为国家"四个中心",高校云集,高等教育地位重要、作用特殊。高校领导干部作为高等教育改革发展的引领者、实施者、推进者,承担着重要职责与使命。走进这一群体,通过问卷调查、座谈访谈,以受访者主观压力感和压力反应为视角,从干部个体因素、高校外部环境、高校内部环境三个维度,了解他们的从业压力来源。研究表明,高校领导干部在社会地位、职业稳定性和荣誉感、经济收入等方面的压力相对较低,同时在扩大办学自主权、深化高等教育改革、提高教育质量,在完善高校治理体系和治理结构、改善班子环境,在提高办学治校能力、解决亚健康与职业倦怠等方面面临较大压力。优化从业生态,疏解干部压力,既要从源头入手,创造良好的外部工作环境,优化校园从业生态环境,也要加强自身建设,提高政治素质与办学治校能力,涵养身心健康。

As the"four centers"of China,Beijing has many colleges and universities,and higher education occupies an important position and plays a special role.As the leader,implementer and facilitator of the reform and development of higher education,the leading cadres in colleges and universities shoulder important responsibilities and missions.In this group,through questionnaire survey,discussion and interview,from the perspective of subjective pressure and stress response of the interviewees,from three dimensions of individual factors of cadres,external environment of colleges and universities,and internal environment of colleges and universities,it is of positive theoretical and practical significance to understand their employment pressure and physical and mental health status,and then put forward suggestions to improve the employment environment and adjust the work pressure.The research shows that the pressure of university leaders in terms of social status,professional stability,sense of honor and economic income is relatively low.At the same time,in terms of expanding the school-running autonomy,deepening the reform of higher education,improving the quality of education,improving the governance system and governance structure,improving the team environment,improving the school management ability,solving sub-health and job burnout.They are under great pressure.To optimize the employment ecology and relieve the pressure of cadres,we should not only start from the source,create a good external working environment,optimize the ecological environment of campus employment,but also strengthen self-construction,improve political quality,school management ability,and cultivate physical and mental health.