先成家后立业:“成家”影响“立业”吗?——婚姻影响我国男性创业行为的经验分析

Does Getting Married Affect Achieving Career? An Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Marriage on Male Entrepreneurship in China

利用2008-2015年的多轮中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据研究婚姻对男性创业行为的影响及作用机制。在控制相关特征变量,并采用处理效应模型(Treatment Effect Model)纠正婚姻变量的内生选择问题后,已婚男性相对于未婚男性而言具有显著更高的创业概率。作用机制检验结果表明,婚姻对我国男性的创业效应无法通过"心理安慰机制"进行解释,但"资源拓展机制"具有较强的解释力度。而且,"责任增强机制"也无法解释我国男性婚姻的创业效应,但对于自身责任感更强的男性而言,婚姻能够通过"资源拓展机制"对其创业行为产生更加显著的促进作用。本文的发现具有积极的社会涵义:婚姻虽然能够通过"资源拓展机制"有助于男性"立业",但这是以男性自身较强的责任感为前提条件的。男性需加强自我修养,努力提升自身的责任感,只有这样才能更好地通过"成家"来实现"立业"。

This paper studies the impact of marriage on male entrepreneurship behavior and its mechanism by using China General Social Survey(CGSS)data from 2008-2015.The article finds that after controlling the related characteristic variables and using the Treatment Effect Model to correct the endogenous choice of the marital variables,the married men have a significantly higher probability of entrepreneurship than the unmarried men.The results of the mechanism test show that the effect of marriage on entrepreneurship of Chinese men cannot be explained by the"psychological comfort mechanism",but the"resource expansion mechanism"has a strong explanation. Moreover,the"responsibility enhancement mechanism"cannot explain the entrepreneurial effect of male marriage in China,but for men with stronger premarital responsibility,marriage can promote their entrepreneurial behavior more significantly through the"resource expansion mechanism". The findings of this paper have a positive social meaning: although marriage can help male succeed in career through the "resource expansion mechanism",it is based on the strong sense of responsibility of men before marriage. Men need to strengthen their self-cultivation,and strive to enhance their sense of responsibility,so that they can better achieve"career"through"getting married".