喷嘴结构对涡流管性能的影响

Effect of Nozzle Structure on the Performance of Vortex Tube

采用FLUENT数值模拟方法,对不同喷嘴流道数涡流管进行三维数值模拟,得到喷嘴流道数目对涡流管制冷效应、制热效应及分离效应的影响规律,并对3流道渐缩型喷嘴、直线型喷嘴和阿基米德型喷嘴涡流管的性能、压力场及速度场进行模拟分析。结果表明:3流道喷嘴涡流管具有最佳能量分离性能;当模拟入口总压为3 MPa、冷端出口静压为2.5 MPa时,涡流管制冷效应随冷流率的增大而减小,制热效应及分离效应随冷流率的增加呈现先增加后减小趋势;相比直线型喷嘴和阿基米德型喷嘴,渐缩型喷嘴涡流管能量分离效果最佳;配有渐缩型喷嘴涡流管能获得更大的压力、切向速度和轴向速度。

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of swirl tubes with different nozzle passage numbers was carried out by using Fluent numerical simulation method.The influences of nozzle passage number on the cooling,heating and separation of swirl tubes were obtained.The performance and pressure of three-channel tapered nozzles,linear nozzles and Archimedes nozzles were also studied,and the force field and velocity field were simulated and analyzed.The simulation results show that the swirl tube with three-channel nozzle has the best energy separation performance.When the total simulated inlet pressure is 3 MPa and the static pressure at the outlet of the cold end is 2.5 MPa,the cooling effect of the swirl tube decreases with the increase of the cold flow rate,while the heating effect and separation effect increase first and then decrease with the increase of the cold flow rate.The tapered nozzle vortex tube has the best energy separation effect compared to the linear nozzle and the Archimedes type nozzle.The swirl tube with the converging nozzle can obtain greater pressure tangential velocity and axial velocity.The tangential velocity can be divided into free swirl and forced swirl,while the axial velocity can be divided into internal swirl and external swirl.