生物陶瓷支架的功能改性及应用研究进展

Research Progress on Functional Modifications and Applications of Bioceramic Scaffolds

生物陶瓷支架具有良好的生物相容性和引导组织再生特性,并可提供多孔的表面形貌和孔道结构,以促进新生组织的长入,在硬组织修复和骨组织工程支架领域获得了广泛的关注和临床应用。当前,生物陶瓷支架仍然存在骨诱导活性差、生物功能单一、力学性能差等缺陷,极大限制了它们的临床治疗效果和应用范围。本文从生物陶瓷支架的功能改性角度出发,对材料实施表面功能涂层修饰、微纳结构改性、功能元素掺杂、力学增强等策略,及其在改善植入体生物相容性、促进成骨活性、药物递送、抗肿瘤和抗菌等方面的应用进展进行了归纳和总结,并对功能改性生物陶瓷支架的未来发展趋势作了展望。

Porous bioceramic scaffolds, which possess attractive biocompatibility, ability to guide tissue regeneration and porous surface morphologies and channels beneficial to ingrowth of new born tissues, have seized increasing attentions and been widely applied in the field of hard tissue restoration. Whereas, the weak osteoinductive activity, monotonous biological function and poor mechanical property have restrained the therapeutic efficacy and wider application of bioceramic scaffolds. In view of this, we intended to introduce the existing modification methods of bioceramic scaffolds, including the surface modification with functional coating, construction of surface micro-/nanostructures, functional element doping and enhancement of mechanical property, along with the state of the research progresses in the improvement of biocompatibility, bone defect restoration, drug delivery, tumor therapy, and antibacterial capacity of multifunctional bioceramic scaffolds. In addition, potential research directions and applications of functionally modified bioceramic scaffolds are prospected to provide references for the related exploration afterwards.