医护人员和基层官兵对新型冠状病毒肺炎的认知和心理状况比较分析

Comparative analysis of cognition and mental status of the medical personnel and the military personnel at grassroots level in face of novel corona virus pneumonia

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎流行时期不同群体的认知和心理特点,为提供科学有效的心理及行为干预提供资料。方法自行设计"对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控认知及心理状况自评问卷",分别在某军医大学附属医院医护人员及某部基层官兵群体中进行问卷调查。结果2个群体人员对新型冠状病毒肺炎防控知识知晓率均较高,尤其是医护人员组正确率达97.92%~99.74%;基层官兵整体心理状态较为平稳,医护人员则表现出不同程度的心理应激状态,对于问卷设计的10项心理感受及躯体症状选项,医护人员组与基层官兵组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医护人员群体中97.14%表示非常关注此次疫情的发展,60.52%对此次疫情表示乐观;基层官兵群体中97.23%表示非常关注此次疫情的发展,60.21%对此次肺炎疫情表示乐观。结论在突发公共卫生事件时,加强对医务人员的心理健康监测,提供主动、系统、科学的心理干预和社会支持必不可少。

Objective To find out the cognitive and mental features of different population groups during the epidemic period of novel corona virus pneumonia,so as to provide solid evidence for effective mental and behavioral intervention.Methods A self-assessment questionnaire form was designed and developed concerning cognition and mental status in the prevention and control of the novel corona virus pneumonia.Then,a questionnaire survey was performed among the medical personnel of the hospital affiliated to a certain military medical university and the military personnel at the grassroots level.Results The rate of knowledge about the prevention and control of the novel corona virus pneumonia in these 2 population groups was all high,which was especially the case with the medical personnel,with accuracy rate of 97.92%-99.74%.The overall mental status of the military personnel at the grassroots level was relatively stable,while the medical personnel displayed different degrees of mental stress.For the 10 items of mental sensations and somatic symptoms specified in the questionnaire form,the rates of mild to severe symptoms in the medical personnel group were higher than those in the military personnel at grassroots level,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Of all the medical personnel,97.14%of them said that they were highly concerned about the development of the epidemic,and 60.52%of them were quite optimistic about the epidemic.On the other hand,97.23%of the military personnel at grassroots level expressed great concern about the development of the epidemic,and 60.21%of them were optimistic about the epidemic.Conclusion In the event of abrupt public health incident,it is essential that the monitoring of mental health among medical personnel should be intensified,and active and systematic mental intervention and social support should be offered.