新安医家吴澄辨治血证学术特色探析

Academic characteristics of Xin’an physican WU Cheng on syndrome differentiation and treatment for blood syndrome

通过对新安医家吴澄所著《不居集》中有关血证论治的医论、医案进行分析,归纳总结了吴澄辨治血证的学术特色。其将纷繁复杂的血证病因、病机归纳为血证八法统纲来以点明血证病机;用易学理论帮助理解血证病机,医易互参,颇具特色;着重阐发血证亦可源自外损,不惟内伤,其中风寒为病者最多;强调血证治疗各法中均需顾护脾胃,并创立“理脾阴”一说;气为血帅,尤重于理气治疗血证,如补中气、温阳气、行气滞、降气逆;治疗血证有因肝气逆、肝火上炎者,强调不妄用苦寒,以免伐肝。

Through analysis of medical treatise and medical records in Complete Compendium of Consumptive Disease by Xin’an physican WU Cheng on syndrome differentiation and treatment for blood syndrome,this paper generalizes and summarizes the academic characteristics of WU Cheng in differential treatment of blood syndrome.He reduced the complicated etiology and pathogenesis of blood syndrome to eight aspects overall exposition for pointing out the blood syndrome pathogenesis;used Yixue theory to help understand the blood syndrome pathogenesis,which was characterized by medicine and Yi coreference;emphatically expounded that blood syndrome could also be derived from external damage,not only internal damage,among them,those with wind-cold syndrome were the most numerous;focused on strengthening and protecting the spleen and stomach in each therapeutic method of blood syndrome,and established“regulating splenic yin”theory;qi is the commander of blood,particularly paid attention to regulating qi in the treatment of blood syndrome,such as invigorating middle energizer qi,warming yangqi,promoting qi flow to dissipate qi stagnation and descending adverse flow of qi;the treatment of blood syndrome for those with adverse flow of qi due to liver and up-flaming of liver-fire,emphasizing that it shall avoid abusing the bittercold herbs in case of suppressing liver.