湖北省农业技术变革模式与增长路径研究

Research on the mode of agricultural technology change and growth path in Hubei Province

利用1998—2018年湖北省农业生产投入产出数据,运用单要素生产率分析法,考察要素禀赋结构变化对湖北省农业增长路径的影响及其地区差异、作物差异。研究结果表明:随着要素禀赋条件的变化,湖北省农业生产劳动用工投入不断减少,机械投入持续增加,农业增长已实现从高劳动投入的土地生产率导向型路径向增加机械投入的劳动生产率导向型路径的转型;且湖北省农业技术变革模式也存在明显的地区差异和作物差异。因此,湖北省相应的制度设计与政策安排要顺应这一趋势,加快推进农业机械化进程,充分发挥机械对劳动的替代效应、以机械化推动农业生产节本增效。与此同时,要充分重视农业技术变革模式的地区异质性和作物异质性,因地制宜、因行施策,选择与地区禀赋结构、作物生产特点相适应的技术类型。

Based on the input-output data of agricultural production in Hubei province from 1998 to 2018 and the single factor productivity analysis method,the influence of the change of factor endowment structure on the agricultural growth path in Hubei province and the regional and crop differences were investigated.The results show that with the change of factor endowment conditions,labor input of agricultural production in Hubei province keeps decreasing,while machinery input keeps increasing.Agricultural growth has realized the transformation from land productivity-oriented path with high labor input to labor productivity-oriented path with increased machinery input.Moreover,there are obvious regional and crop differences in the agricultural technology transformation model in Hubei province.Therefore,the corresponding system design and policy arrangement in Hubei province should follow this trend,accelerate the agricultural mechanization process,give full play to the substitution effect of machinery on labor,and promote agricultural production with mechanization to save cost and increase efficiency.At the same time,we should pay enough attention to the regional heterogeneity and crop heterogeneity of the agricultural technology transformation mode,adopt measures in accordance with local conditions and take measures accordingly,and choose the technology type that is suitable to the regional endowment structure and the production characteristics of the crop.