模拟降雨下磷石膏堆场地表径流的磷污染研究

Characteristics of Phosphorus Contaminants Collected from Phosphogypsum Stack in Surface Runoff under Different Rainfall Conditions

明确磷化工企业不同形态磷元素随地表径流的迁移特征,对防控磷污染物的环境过程具有重要意义。文章通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究了不同降雨强度下(16.8、46.8、96 mm/h)磷石膏堆场中不同形态磷元素随地表径流的迁移特征。结果表明:径流中不同形态磷(TP、TDP、TPP和PO43-)含量随时间的变化具有一定规律性,即在雨水径流形成初期,各含磷污染物浓度下降迅速,并随着降雨时间延长其浓度下降速度变小,直到降雨后期(30 min以后)污染物浓度逐渐趋于平衡。其中,TPP含量的动态变化情况与TP具有高度的一致性,相关系数r为0.9。3次降雨事件均存在冲刷效应,其强弱受降雨强度、降雨量等降雨参数的影响,其中降雨事件2(降雨强度46.8 mm/h)的冲刷效应最强。

Explaining the migration characteristics of phosphorus with surface runoff is significant for the prevention and control of the environment of the phosphorus pollutants.By doing artificially simulated rainfall experiments,the migration characteristics of different forms of phosphorus with surface runoff in the phosphogypsum yards under different rainfall intensities(16.8,46.8,96 mm/h)were studied.The results show that the content of different forms of phosphorus(TP,TDP,TPP and PO43-)in runoff has regularity with time;that is,the concentration of all pollutants decreases rapidly in the initial stage of rainwater runoff.The decreasing velocities of the concentration decrease with the time,and the concentration does not reach a balance until the end of the rain(after 30 minutes).The dynamic change of TPP content is highly consistent with that of TP content,and the correlation coefficient is 0.9.Scouring effect exists in the three rainfall events,and the intensity is affected by the parameters of rain such as rainfall and its intensity.The effect of the rainfall event 2(with the intensity of 46.8 mm/h)is the strongest.