羊毛蛋白组学研究进展

Advance in the Research of Wool Proteomics

和其他哺乳动物的毛发一样,羊毛是皮肤衍生物,主要成分是角蛋白,其生长发育过程受到严格的基因调控并受多种因素的影响,另外还有绵羊品种的多样性和羊毛的多样化特征,因此,羊毛生长发育是一个复杂的过程。通过对羊毛的表型特征和成分分析,结合羊毛蛋白分离鉴定技术,已经在羊毛成分分析和生长发育机制方面取得了大量成果。羊毛主要由角蛋白中间丝蛋白和角蛋白联合蛋白组成,二者均有多个亚家族,且构成了羊毛的主体,同时也决定了羊毛的化学结构与理化特征。该文从羊毛研究技术、角蛋白家族分类和生长发育方面阐述羊毛蛋白组学的研究进展概况,以期为羊毛发育及分子标记育种研究提供理论参考。

Wool fiber is like the hair of many other mammals,and they all belong to skin derivatives.Wool is almost entirely composed of proteins,the major components of which are IFPs(keratin intermediate filament proteins)and KAPs(keratin associated proteins).The growth and development processes of wool fiber are strictly controlled by multiple genes and influenced by many factors,such as nutrient levels,seasons and breeds,so the development procedure is complex.Great progress has been made in the protein identification and development of wool through analyzing the phenotypes and compositions of wool.The developing technologies such as protein separation and identification have made an important contribution to the wool proteomic study.Furthermore,many subfamilies of IFPs and KAPs have been found and identified in the wool,which decide the physical and chemical structure and characteristics of wool fiber.In this review,the progress of wool proteomics is summarized,including wool study techniques,protein classification and growth procedure.The aim of this study is to provide some data for wool growth study and molecular marker assisted selection in sheep breeding.