纯有机超分子发光材料的研究进展

Recent Advances in Pure Organic Luminescent Supramolecular Materials

纯有机发光材料由于具有低毒性、易制备和应用广泛等特点而被广泛关注.近年来,本课题组设计了多种新颖的、具有可调控多色发光性质的超分子体系.对于磷光材料的构建来说,诸如溴和碘的重原子以及氧之类其他具有孤对电子的杂原子可以起到促进系间窜越(ISC)的作用.主-客相互作用和聚合等方法也为磷光体提供了刚性环境,以抑制其非辐射跃迁.另外,非共价作用因其具有动态的特性,能对刺激做出响应.因此,主-客相互作用与疏水作用、π-π堆积以及多氢键作用等非共价作用也被用于根据外界刺激调控磷光或荧光的发射强度和波长,实现了发光单体本身不具备的丰富发光性能.除总结上述进展之外,还为未来的研究提出了可能的方向,例如在设计有机磷光材料时,不仅要提升其量子产率,也要拓展发射波长范围,以及构建能够对外界刺激进行响应的智能发光材料体系等.

Pure organic luminescent supramolecular materials with either phosphorescence or fluorescence emission have become a hot research topic due to their low toxity,facile preparation and wide applications.In recent years,our group has designed several novel luminescent macromolecules,achieving tunable multi-color emission.For the construction of phosphorescent materials,heavy atoms such as bromine and iodine as well as other hetroatoms with lone pair electrons like oxygen were employed to facilitate the intersystem crossing(ISC)process of the luminophores while rigid environments were provided via host-guest interactions and polymerization to restrict molecular motions,which results in reduced nonradiative decay.Moreover,noncovalent interactions are stimuli responsive because of their dynamic nature.Therefore,host-guest interactions,along with other noncovalent interactions including hydrophobic effects,π-π stacking and multiple hydrogen bonding,were also used for adjusting the intensities and wavelengths of phosphorescence or fluorescence,achieving diverse luminescence properties that the luminophore itself does not possess.This account summarizes the above advances and proposes possible directions for further research,like not only improving quantum yields but also expanding the range of emission wavelength of organic phosphorescent materials and developing luminescent materials that can intelligently respond to external stimuli.