肿瘤放疗患者的心理健康和睡眠障碍状况及应对方式分析

Analysis of Mental Health,Sleep Disorders and Coping Style in Tumor Patients Receiving Radiotherapy

目的探究肿瘤放疗患者的心理健康、睡眠障碍状况及应对方式。方法选择2013年2月—2017年12月在某三甲医院接受放疗的51例肿瘤患者为研究对象,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)对研究对象的心理健康和睡眠障碍状况进行评价,分析其心理健康、睡眠障碍状况的影响因素,并制定和执行相应的护理干预措施。观察分析护理干预前后研究对象的心理、睡眠障碍改善情况。结果影响肿瘤放疗患者心理健康的因素中,排前三位的是经济压力(88.24%)、缺乏信心(82.35%)及疾病认识因素(74.51%);影响患者睡眠的前三个因素分别为疾病因素(84.31%)、放疗痛苦(86.27%)和经济压力(78.43%)。护理后,肿瘤放疗患者的SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90各因子评分和各项PSQI评分均较护理前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论肿瘤患者在放疗后通常会出现心理和睡眠障碍,有针对性地护理干预能够有效改善患者的负面情绪及睡眠质量,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the mental health,sleep disorders and coping styles of tumor patients receiving radiotherapy.Methods From February 2013 to December 2017,51 tumor patients who received radiotherapy in a tertiary A hospital were selected as the research subjects.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and self-rating symptoms scale(SCL-90)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used to evaluate the psychological health and sleep disorders of the research subjects.The influencing factors of their mental health and sleep disorders were analyzed.Corresponding nursing interventions were formulated and implemented.The improvement of psychological and sleep disorders of the research subjects before and after nursing intervention were recorded and analyzed.Results The top three factors affecting the mental health of tumor patients receiving radiotherapy were economic pressure(88.24%),lack of confidence(82.35%)and disease awareness factors(74.51%).The first three main factors affecting patients'sleep were:Disease factors(84.31%),radiotherapy pain(86.27%)and economic pressure(78.43%).After nursing,the SAS score,SDS score,SCL-90 factor scores and PSQI scores of tumor radiotherapy patients were significantly lower than those before nursing,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Tumor patients usually have psychological and sleep disorders after radiotherapy.Targeted nursing intervention can effectively improve patients'negative emotions and sleep quality,which is worthy of clinical promotion.