基于车辆运动及能耗特性的城市轨道交通典型运行工况构建

Development of Representative Driving Cycles for Urban Rail Transit Based on the Kinematic and Energy-consumption Characteristics of Vehicles

构建城市轨道交通线路的典型运行工况有助于评估车辆运行过程中的充放电需求,为储能系统的安全工作以及线路的优化运行提供有效的输入条件。为了提取列车代表性的速度序列和功率序列,该文推演融合车辆运动特性和能耗特性的评价函数,以站点式短行程分析法为基础构建城市轨道交通线路典型运行工况。首先,定义运动特征参数误差阈值对各个运行区间的短行程进行初步筛选;而后利用能耗特征参数计算各个短行程与平均值之间的平方欧式距离来从每个运行区间的候选短行程中筛选出各自最有代表性的工况序列;最后按照站点顺序将筛选出的工况序列进行拼接并依次插入平均停车时间,从而获得整条线路的典型运行工况。以海珠线为例进行的算例分析表明,与传统的基于主成分分析的短行程分析法相比,本方法在大幅降低计算量的基础上,不仅能准确反映城轨车辆的实际运行特性,还能较为真实地体现车辆运行过程中的能耗特性,实现了运动特性和能耗特性的双重准确。

Development of representative driving cycles for urban rail transit contributes to the evaluation of charging and discharging demand of on-board energy storage systems(OESSs).Besides,driving cycles can serve as an alternative criterion for the optimization of OESSs sizing and vehicle charging scheduling.In order to obtain the representative speed profiles and power profiles of urban rail transit vehicles,this paper considered kinematic characteristics and energy consumption characteristics of vehicles to develop representative driving cycles.Firstly,error thresholds of kinematic characteristic parameters were defined for the preliminary screening of microtrips.Then square Euclidean distances were calculated by energy consumption characteristic parameters to select the representative microtrip of each station.Finally,representative microtrips were spliced station by station and average dwell times were inserted to develop driving cycles for the whole line.A case study of Haizhu Line demonstrates that compared with traditional PCA-based microtrip analysis methods,those developed by the improved method can not only mirror the kinematic characteristics of vehicles accurately,but also provide an insight into the energy consumption in the driving process with a small amount of computation,thus having a higher consistency with the real-world driving condition.