2015-2019年日照市在校大学生献血情况与血液检测结果分析

Analysis of the blood donation status and the blood testing results among college students in Rizhao from 2015 to 2019

目的在校大学生是我国无偿献血者的重要组成部分,本研究分析日照市在校大学生献血和血液检测情况,更好地了解当前大学生无偿献血的现状,为招募高校献血者提供参考依据。方法选取2015-01-01-2019-12-31日照市济宁医学院(日照校区)、山东体育学院、山东外国语职业学院、曲阜师范大学(日照校区)、山东水利职业学院、日照职业技术学院和日照航海工程职业学院等7所高校在校大学生无偿献血者为研究对象,共23 086人次;选择同一时期在日照市献血的其他社会人群为对照组,共117 043人次。对献血情况和血液检测数据进行统计分析。结果日照市在校大学生献血者占全市无偿献血人次的16.5%;各年度血液检测不合格率差异无统计学意义,χ^2=3.47,P>0.05;血液检测总不合格率(χ^2=29.02,P<0.01)及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)(χ^2=13.71,P<0.01)和梅毒螺旋体抗体(treponema pallidum antibody,抗-TP)(χ^2=11.85,P<0.01)不合格率低于社会人群献血者;乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)(χ^2=2.17,P>0.05)、丙型肝炎抗体(hepatitis C antibody,抗-HCV)(χ^2=1.31,P>0.05)和人类免疫缺陷型病毒抗体(human immunodeficiency virus antibody,抗-HIV)(χ^2=0.04,P>0.05)不合格率比较,差异无统计学意义;男性大学生献血者ALT检测不合格率为0.37%,高于女性的0.12%,χ^2=0.57,P<0.01;医学院校与非医学院校大学生献血者血液检测不合格率差异无统计学意义,χ^2=1.52,P>0.05。结论日照市在校大学生在无偿献血者中占有较大比例,大学生比其他献血者拥有更高的合格率,女性合格率更高,是否为医学院校学生没有差异。应加强对高校大学生的献血教育和引导,促进大学生无偿献血健康持续发展。

OBJECTIVE College students are an important part of our country’s free blood donors.This study aims to analyze the situation of blood donation and blood test of college students in Rizhao city,so as to better understand the current situation of free blood donation of college students and provide reference for recruiting college blood donors.METHODS A total of 23 086 blood donors were selected from seven colleges〔Jining Medical College(Rizhao campus),Shandong Institute of Physical Education,Shandong Vocational College of Foreign Languages,Qufu Normal University(Rizhao campus),Shandong Water Conservancy Vocational College,Rizhao Vocational and Technical College,Rizhao Maritime Engineering Vocational College〕in Rizhao from 2015 to 2019.The other social groups who donated blood during the same period were selected as the control group,with a total of 117 043 blood donors.Based on these data,the situation of blood donation and the trends of transfusion-transmitted disease markers were analyzed.RESULTS The proportion of college students that donate blood was 16.5%in Rizhao from 2015 to 2019.There was no significant difference in the unqualified rate of blood testing of college blood donors among the five years,χ^2=3.47,P>0.05.The total unqualified rate(χ^2=29.02,P<0.01),ALT(χ^2=13.71,P<0.01)and anti-TP(χ^2=11.85,P<0.01)unqualified rate of college students were significantly lower than those of non-college groups,however there was no significant difference in the unqualified rate of HBsAg(χ^2=2.17,P>0.05),anti-HCV(χ^2=1.31,P>0.05)and anti-HIV(χ^2=0.04,P>0.05).In the college students,the ALT unqualified rate in male was higher than that in female,χ^2=0.57,P<0.01.There was no significant difference in the unqualified rate between medical colleges and non-medical college blood donors,χ^2=1.52,P>0.05.CONCLUSION College students account for a large proportion of blood donors,have higher qualified rate than other blood donors in Rizhao,and a higher qualification rate for female.In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of college voluntary blood donation,the publicity and guidance of blood donation should be further strengthened.