小麦Fhb1基因定位、克隆及其在抗赤霉病育种中利用的研究进展

Progress of Wheat Fhb1 Gene Locating and Cloning and Its Utilization in the Resistance Breeding

赤霉病已成为小麦第一大病害,严重影响小麦的产量和品质。目前,抗性品种结合化学防治的方法成为当前防治赤霉病的最有效途径。小麦赤霉病抗性受多种基因控制,其中,Fhb1基因抗性效应最大,且抗性稳定,在小麦赤霉病抗性方面具有重要作用。本文综述了赤霉病主效抗性基因Fhb1的定位、分子标记和克隆技术的最新研究进展。利用选择性回交技术和矮败小麦平台将Fhb1基因导入当地小麦中可提升赤霉病抗性,进而结合化学防治方法为我国小麦安全生产提供保障。

Fusarium head blight(FHB)has become the major disease of wheat,which seriously threatens wheat production as well as consumers health in China.At present,resistant varieties combined with chemical control have become the most effective ways to combat FHB.FHB resistance is controlled by many genes.Fhb1 was identified effective and stable gene,and plays an important role in improving the FHB resistance.The location,molecular marker,cloning,the utility value and application mode of Fhb1 gene were reviewed in this paper.Introduction of Fhb1 gene by selective backcross improves FHB resistance,combined with chemical control to provide security for wheat production in China.