长江下游和淮河中下游地区史前生业格局下的凌家滩文化

Understanding the Prehistorical Subsistence of Lingjiatan Culture through the Zooarchaeological Study of the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze and Huai River

凌家滩文化中凌家滩和韦岗两处遗址的动物遗存保存状况较差,动物考古的种属鉴定和数量统计数据存在“偏差”,不利于科学解读该文化史前生业状况。我们以区系类型的观点为指导,将其放诸于长江下游和淮河中下游地区史前文化框架内,从生业发展的角度对该文化获取和利用动物资源的方式进行探讨。我们认为:凌家滩文化史前居民已开始家畜饲养,但在很大程度上依赖野生资源,作为中心聚落的凌家滩遗址中家畜饲养或已成为主要获取动物资源的方式,其重要性要较狩猎和渔捞方式为重,家养动物来源多样,除本地供应外,也可能存在周边一般聚落的输入;一般聚落以韦岗遗址为代表,家畜饲养方式所占比重可能略低。

Due to the poor preserve situation of animal remains excavated from Lingjiatan site and Weigang site,which are belong to Lingjiatan Culture,there are flawed data in zooarchaeological result.We re-analysis the results under the context of subsistence development of the lower Yangtze river and middle and lower basins of Huai river.At the Lingjiatan site,which was the central settlement,rearing livestock was the main way to acquire animal re-sources and more important than hunting and fishing.The domestic animals at the Lingjiatan site were from local breeding as well as imported from surrounding general settlements.Ancient people at Weigang,which was a general settlement,reared pig as livestock.Rearing livestock was less important than at Lingjiatan site.