谷子淀粉合成酶家族分析

Analysis of Starch Synthase Family in Millet

淀粉是植物光合作用的产物,主要在叶绿体中合成,是人类膳食的重要能量来源,同时也是一种重要的工业原料,被广泛应用于造纸、燃料、制药等行业。研究表明植物的淀粉合成与淀粉合成酶及一些其他关键酶有关。本研究以已知的水稻中淀粉合成酶基因为模板,鉴定出小麦、玉米、二穗短柄草、高粱和谷子淀粉合成酶家族的基因。我们分析了淀粉合成酶基因家族的系统进化树,结果发现它们在进化上具有高度的保守性。通过对保守基序进行分析,不同的基因所含有的保守motif的数目和位置差异很小,谷子淀粉合成酶的基序特征与其进化树基本一致。通过染色体定位分析,可以直观看出淀粉合成酶基因在每条染色体上分布不均匀。利用蛋白互作分析,可知淀粉的合成与多种酶相关,其中最主要的是与AGP酶相互作用。最后,用Cluster和Treeview程序构建了Heatmap图,发现淀粉合成酶基因在植物的生长和发育时期具有高度组织表达的特异性。由于谷子中淀粉含量的高低直接影响谷子的产量,因此,提高谷子淀粉含量和改良谷子淀粉品质已成为重要议题,对于谷子淀粉合成酶的研究具有显著的社会效益和经济效益。

Starch is the product of plant photosynthesis,mainly synthesized in chloroplasts.It is an important energy source of human diet and an important industrial raw material.It is widely used in paper-making,fuel,pharmaceutical and other industries.Studies have shown that starch synthesis in plants is related to starch synthase and some other key enzymes.Using the known rice starch synthase gene as a template,the study identified the starch synthase gene family from wheat,maize,Brachypodium distachyon,sorghum and millet.We analyzes the phylogenetic tree of starch synthase gene family,the results showed that they are highly conservative in evolution.By analyzing conserved motifs,the number and position of conserved motif in different genes were not very different,and the motif characteristics of millet starch synthase were basically consistent with its evolutionary tree.Chromosome localization analysis showed that starch synthase genes were not evenly distributed on each chromosome.By protein interaction analysis,it can be seen that the synthesis of starch is related to a variety of enzymes,among which the most important is the interaction with AGP enzyme.Finally,the Cluster and Treeview programs are used to build Heatmap to comprehensively analyze the starch synthase genes with a high degree of specificity of tissue expression during the growth and development of plants.The content of starch in millet directly affects the yield of millet.Therefore,it has become an important issue to improve the content and quality of millet starch.The research of the starch synthase starch has significant social and economic benefits.