西医院校中医学教学问题和对策

Discussion on Teaching Problems and Countermeasures of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Western Medicine Schools

中医学是以中医药理论与实践经验为主体,研究人类生命活动中健康与疾病转化的规律及预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学,是我国卫生系统的重要组成部分,是人民生命安全的重要保障。为了让西医院校学生能够了解和掌握中医学理论体系和诊治疾病的思维方法,我国政府将中医学作为重点学科纳入西医院校的教学任务中。中医学为西医院校医学生的必修科目之一,多数西医院校学生对中医学充满兴趣,认为中医是安全有效,值得学习的科目,但目前在西医院校的中医学教学中存在着一些问题,如思维模式不同、教学模式单一、课时少、内容多等,导致学生对中医课程的学习并不完全满意,学习效果不够理想。文章寻求相应的对策,以提高学生学习兴趣,培养中医思维模式。采用中医医案教学、病案讨论法、问题为基础的学习教学方法、比较教学法等多元化教学模式,将思维方式与临床相结合,将现代医学"脏器""血管""药理"与祖国医学"五脏六腑""经络""中药"进行比较学习,培养学生提出问题、解决问题和相互合作的能力,加强中医经典书目的教学,培养学生良好的中医思维模式,培养和提高西医院校学生学习中医的兴趣,帮助学生更好地理解、掌握和应用中医,提升学习效果,提高西医院校中医学教学质量。

Traditional Chinese medicine is a comprehensive science based on the theory and practical experience of traditional Chinese medicine to study the law of health and disease transformation in human life activities and prevention,diagnosis,treatment,rehabilitation and health care.It is an important part of China’s health system and an important guarantee for people’s life safety.At present,in order to let students of western medicine to understand and master the theoretical system of Chinese medicine and the thinking method of diagnosis and treatment of diseases,the Chinese government has incorporated traditional Chinese medicine as a key discipline into the teaching tasks of western medical colleges.TCM has become one of the compulsory subjects for medical students in western hospitals.Most students in western medicine colleges are interested in traditional Chinese medicine and believe that traditional Chinese medicine is a safe and effective subject,worthy of learning.However,there are some problems in the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine in western medical colleges,such as different thinking modes,students’lack of interest in learning,single teaching mode,few class hours,more content,etc.,which lead to students’dissatisfaction with the learning of traditional Chinese medicine courses and unsatisfactory learning effect.This paper sought the corresponding countermeasures to improve students’interest in learning and cultivate the thinking mode of traditional Chinese medicine.It adopted multiple teaching modes such as teaching of medical records of traditional Chinese medicine,discussion of medical records,problem-based learning and teaching methods,comparative teaching methods,etc.,combined thinking mode with clinical practice,and combined"organs","blood vessel"and"pharmacology"of modern medicine with traditional Chinese medicine"five Zang organs and six Fu organs","meridians and collaterals"and"traditional Chinese medicine"are compared for learning,so as to cultivate students’ability to raise questions,solve problems and cooperate with each other,strengthen the teaching of classic bibliographies of traditional Chinese medicine,cultivate students’good thinking mode of traditional Chinese medicine,cultivate and improve students’interest in learning traditional Chinese medicine in western medical colleges and universities,help students better understand,master and apply traditional Chinese medicine,improve learning effect and improve western medicine teaching quality of traditional Chinese medicine in hospital schools.