欧美国家海外利益保护中的NGO:作用与启示

NGOs in the Protection of Overseas Interests of European and American Countries:Role and Enlightenment

欧美国家海外利益的迅速拓展与有效维护离不开各种非政府组织(NGO)对国家海外利益的保护。这些NGO在本国相关政策研究、输出本国文化、引导国际舆论、为境外机构与公民提供公共服务、参与所在国政治活动等方面有效弥补和增强了主权国家维护本国海外利益的能力。但大国格局下的NGO活动也不可避免地带有诸如意识形态色彩浓厚、法律监管不足、志愿失灵等问题,这些问题造成了东道国和本国的双重利益损失。“一带一路”背景下,我国的海外利益实现了极大的拓展,但也面临着极大的风险挑战。对此可以借鉴和吸取欧美国家的经验与教训,注重NGO在保护我国海外利益中的作用,探索“政府+NGO”的国家海外利益保护新模式,扶持服务我国海外利益保护的NGO发展,加强与国际NGO的合作。

The rapid expansion and effective maintenance of the overseas interests of European and American countries are inseparable from the protection of National Overseas Interests by various non-governmental organizations(NGOs).These NGOs effectively make up for and strengthen the ability of sovereign countries to safeguard their overseas interests in terms of their own policy research,export their own cultures,guide international public opinions,provide public services for overseas institutions and citizens,and participate in the political activities of their host countries.However,the NGO activities in the world of great powers can’t avoid such problems as strong ideological color,insufficient legal supervision,and volunteer failure and so on.These problems cause the loss of dual interests of both the host country and the home country.Under the background of“The Belt and Road”,China’s overseas interests have been greatly expanded,but they are also facing great risks and challenges.In this regard,we can learn from the experience and lessons of European and American countries,pay attention to the role of NGOs in protecting China’s overseas interests,explore a new model of“government+NGOs”for protecting China's overseas interests,support the development of NGOs serving China’s overseas interests,and strengthen cooperation with international NGOs.