炭气凝胶的制备及在超级电容器中的应用

Preparation and application in supercapacitor of carbon aerogel

以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备炭气凝胶。用XRD、SEM和N 2吸附等进行物理性能分析;用交流阻抗谱、恒流充放电等进行电化学性能测试。随着碳化温度的升高,炭气凝胶的结构逐渐向石墨过渡;比表面积先增加、后减小;平均孔径逐渐增大。碳化温度为900℃时,所得炭气凝胶CA-900的结构最接近石墨,比表面积最大,为693.1 m 2/g。CA-900用作超级电容器电极材料具有较好的电化学性能,在288.97 W/kg比功率下的比能量为16.76 Wh/kg,以0.1 A/g的电流(0.01~2.85 V)循环2000次,电容保持率高达90.18%。

Carbon aerogel was prepared by sol-gel method using resorcinol and formaldehyde as raw materials.XRD,SEM and nitrogen(N 2)adsorption were used to analyze the physical properties of samples.AC impedance and galvanostatic charge-discharge were used to test the electrochemical performance of the samples.when carbonization temperature increased,the carbon aerogel structure was gradually transition to graphite structure,its specific surface area increased first and then decreased,the average pore size also gradually increased.The structure of carbon aerogel CA-900 obtained at the carbonization temperature of 900℃was closest to graphite,showed the maximum specific surface area of 693.1 m 2/g.CA-900 showed fine electrochemical performance when used as an electrode material for supercapacitors,provided a specific energy of 16.67 Wh/kg at a specific power of 288.97 Wh/kg.CA-900 carbon aerogel capacity retention ratio was as high as 90.18%,after cycled 2000 times at 0.1 A/g(0.01-2.85 V).