观点采择与目标刻板化水平对老化刻板印象的影响

The Effect of Perspective-taking and Stereotyping Level of Target on Aging Stereotype

本研究通过两个实验考察了观点采择与目标刻板化水平对老化刻板印象的影响。实验1以120名大学生为被试,运用图片和指导语操纵观点采择以及不同目标刻板化水平的词语,探究大学生老化刻板印象的变化;在实验1的基础上,实验2将观点采择的方式区分为情感观点采择和认知观点采择,探究两种不同的观点采择对老化刻板印象的影响是否有差异。结果表明,当目标刻板化水平较低时,观点采择可降低老化刻板印象,当目标刻板化水平较高时,观点采择可以提高老化刻板印象。相对于情感观点采择,认知观点采择对老化刻板印象的影响更大。因此,认知观点采择对老化刻板印象的影响更大,且这种影响取决于目标刻板化水平的作用。

This study tried to examine the influence of perspective-taking and its different types and stereotyping level of target on aging stereotype by 2 experiments.Experiment 1 manipulated perspective-taking through some pictures and different instructions and used some words that were low or high in the stereotyping level of target in order to study the changes of the aging stereotype among 120 college students.Based on experiment 1,experiment 2 classified perspective-taking into cognitive perspective-taking and emotional perspective-taking in order to explore whether there was a difference in the effect on the aging stereotype.The results showed that the perspective-taking was able to decrease the stereotype when the target stereotype level was low.The perspective-taking was able to increase the stereotype when the target stereotype level was high and cognitive perspective-taking had a greater impact on aging stereotype than emotional perspective-taking.It could be concluded that not only the cognitive perspective-taking have greater influence on aging stereotype,but also it depended on the effect of stereotyping level of target.