浙江大学图书馆藏《嘉兴藏》初探

Exploration of Jiaxing Tripitaka in Zhejiang University Library

《嘉兴藏》是明清时期由民间僧俗信众募资刊刻的一部方册大藏经。1920年刊《经值划一》收录有2090种佛典,浙江大学图书馆藏《嘉兴藏》有679种,约占三分之一强。浙江大学图书馆藏《嘉兴藏》大部分经籍首页有“黄梅寺记”“吴兴刘氏嘉业堂藏书记”及“张百熙印”等朱文印。以这几方藏书印为线索并结合相关文献记载,可知浙江大学图书馆所藏《嘉兴藏》存藏源流为:黄梅寺→刘承幹→张百熙→浙江大学图书馆。这部藏经中有《黄檗木庵禅师语录》《晦夫林皋禅师夹山竹林寺语录》《纪安经禅师语录》《五叶弘传》《清凉顶目彻禅师语录》等多种文献不见于《经值划一》,其他《嘉兴藏》亦未收录,因此在《嘉兴藏》、明清佛教研究等方面具有独特而重要的文献价值。

Jiaxing Tripitaka is a collection of square volumes published by folk monks and believers in Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the catalogue of Jingzhi Huayi(《经值划一》),namely Jiaxing Tripitaka Catalogue,published in 1920,there are 2,090 sorts of Buddhist scriptures.Nevertheless,in the library of Zhejiang University,679 scriptures of Jiaxing Tripitaka are preserved,which is more than one-third of the total collection.Of those 679 scriptures,Avatamshaka Sutras and Mahasannipata are well preserved,while Nirvana Sutras,Mahayana Vinaya,and Miscellaneous Works of India Authors are in a poor state of preservation.Besides,it is worthy to mention that we can obviously find the red seals on most of the front pages of Jiaxing Tripitaka of Zhejiang University,such as Huangmeisi ji(黄梅寺记),Wuxing Liushi Jiayetang cangshu ji(吴兴刘氏嘉业堂藏书记),Zhang Baixi yin(张百熙印)etc.There are many kinds of documents in Jiaxing Tripitaka collected by Zhejiang University Library which are not included in the catalogue of Jingzhi Huayi,neither do the Palace Museum,the″National Central Library″of Taiwan,the University of Tokyo General Library,ShōmyōTemple and the photoprint of the Jiaxing Tripitaka(Ming Dynasty Version)by Xinwenfeng Publishing Company in Taiwan.Here are a few so as to see a spot of the value.There are ten volumes of Huangbo Mu an Chanshi Yulu,which was dictated by Xingtao,and compiled by his disciple Daoming etc.,but the only preserved volumes now are 610 and carved in Ming Dynasty.Moreover,there are nine lines on half a page and twenty characters in each line.Huifu Lingao Chanshi Jiashan Zhulinsi Yulu has two volumes.It was dictated by Benyu,recorded by Yuanyong,and engraved in Qing Dynasty.This book is the quotations of Lingao Benyu when he lived in Zhulin Temple.It is poorly preserved,which could be seen in that it has no cover,ten lines on half a page and twenty characters each line.The two volumes of Ji anjing Chanshi Yulu was dictated by Ji an Dajing and compiled by his disciple Yuanji and so on.The preserved volume is the volume 2 which is the engraved script from the 12th year of Kangxi.This book has ten lines on half a page and twenty characters each line.There are,again,twenty-two volumes of Wuye Hongchuan,which was collected by Zhi an of Qing Dynasty,and engraved in the 25th year of Kangxi.The life details of the author,Zhi an,is unknown.The only fact we know is that Zhi an was the successor of Yishan according to the preface made by Deyi in the 25th year of Kangxi.This book is a collection of Songgu(explaining Zen cases in the form of poetry)in ancient time,with ten lines on half a page and twenty characters each line.Whereas,the Ming script Qingliang Dingmuche Chanshi Yulu has five volumes,which is dictated by Hongche and recorded by his disciple Hongfan.This book has nine lines on half a page and nineteen characters on each line,which is slightly different from the layout of ten lines on half a page and twenty characters on each line.