流动学前儿童情绪管理的小组工作介入——基于山东济宁市Y民办幼儿园的实践

Group Work Intervention in Emotional Management of Migrant Preschool Children:Based on the Practice of Y Private Kindergarten in Jining City, Shandong Province

学龄前时期是人生发展的重要阶段,良好的情绪管理能力对学前儿童行为养成、认知观念以及人际交往具有重要作用。调查发现,流动学前儿童不同程度地存在易暴易怒、情绪认知能力弱、情绪管理能力差、有攻击性行为、亲社会行为较弱、社会适应能力较差、社交障碍等问题。情绪管理小组以人格发展理论和多元智能理论为指导,为流动学前儿童提供社会工作服务,目标是使他们掌握情绪管理方法,增强情绪管理能力和人际交往的能力。通过小组工作的介入,流动学前儿童掌握了情绪管理的基本方法,小组目标基本达成。实践研究证明了情绪管理小组工作的优势以及发展儿童社会工作的必要性。情绪管理小组工作中,家长参与不足,社工介入技巧有待提升,社工角色模糊等问题,有待于在实践研究中继续完善。

Pre-school age is an important stage of life development. Good emotional management ability plays an important role in preschool children’s behavior development, cognitive concept and interpersonal communication. The survey found that migrant preschool children have problems with irritability, emotional cognition, emotional management, aggressive behavior, prosocial behavior, social adaptability, and social barriers. Under the guidance of personality development theory and multiple intelligence theory, the emotion management group provides social work services for migrant preschool children. The goal is to enable them to master emotion management methods and enhance their emotional management and interpersonal skills. Through the intervention of group work, migrant preschool children mastered the basic methods of emotional management, and the group goals were basically achieved. Practical research has proved the advantages of emotional management group work and the necessity of developing social work for children. In the work of emotional management group, the parents’ participation is insufficient, the intervention skills of social worker need to be improved, and the role of social worker is vague, which needs to be improved in practice research.