基于模糊控制的环形WSN多跳分簇路由算法

Fuzzy Logic Control Based Multi-Hop Clustering Routing Algorithm for Ring Shaped WSNs

为解决环形无线传感器网络能量空洞和能量最小问题,提出一种基于模糊控制的分簇路由算法FCRA(Fuzzy logic control based Clustering Routing Algorithm)。首先将网络分为宽度相等的环,以每环能耗最小为目标函数,计算出各环的最优簇数。然后设计簇头选举模糊控制器,其输入为节点剩余能量和到基站距离,输出为节点成为簇头概率。最后,采用簇间多跳模式进行数据传输,基于节点剩余能量、下一跳距离以及到基站跳数确定每条传输路径的权重函数,获得最优下一跳中继节点。仿真结果表明FCRA能有效减小网络能耗、延长网络生命周期。

In order to solve the problem of energy hole and energy minimization in ring shaped WSNs(Wireless Sensor Networks),a FCRA(Fuzzy logic control based Clustering Routing Algorithm)is proposed.Firstly,the network is divided into rings with equal width,and the optimal cluster number of each ring is calculated with the objective function for minimizing the energy consumption of each ring.Secondly,a fuzzy controller is designed to elect the cluster heads.The input of the fuzzy controller is the residual energy of the node and the distance from the node to the base station,the output is the probability that the node becomes the cluster head.Finally,the inter-cluster multi-hop mode is used for data transmission.The weight function of each transmission path is determined based on the residual energy of the node,the distance of the next hop and the number of hops to the base station,and the optimal next hop relay node is obtained.The simulation results show that FCRA can effectively reduce the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.