深圳市宝安区五金电镀企业三氯乙烯职业健康风险的综合指数评估法

Comprehensive index evaluation method for occupational health risk of trichloroethylene in hardware electroplating enterprises in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市宝安区五金电镀企业三氯乙烯(TCE)职业健康风险等级,为TCE职业健康风险管理提供参考依据。方法 2018年9—11月采用综合指数法对深圳市宝安区10家五金电镀企业16个TCE作业岗位进行职业健康风险评估。结果职业卫生调查结果显示,10家企业16个TCE作业岗位中设置了局部通风的岗位有11个,占68.8%,配备了防毒口罩的岗位有15个,占93.8%,配备了胶手套的岗位有8个,占50.0%;短时间接触浓度(C-STEL)超标的有12个,占75.0%,8h时间加权浓度(C-TWA)超标的有5个,占45.4%;综合指数法结果显示,16个TCE作业岗位中风险指数为3级和4级的各8个,分别占50%。结论深圳市宝安区五金电镀企业TCE岗位职业健康风险等级为中等风险或高风险,应加强TCE高风险企业的健康风险管理。

Objective To understand the occupational health risk grade of trichloroethylene(TCE) in hardware electroplating enterprises in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City,provide the basis for occupational health risk management of TCE. Methods From September to November 2018,the occupational health risk was performed on 16 TCE-exposed jobs in 10 hardware electroplating enterprises in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City by comprehensive index method. Results The results of the occupational health survey showed that among the 16 TCE jobs in 10 enterprises,11(68.8%) of them set the local ventilation,15(93.8%) equipped with the gas masks and 8(50.0%) equipped with the rubber gloves. 12(75.0%) exceeded the limit in the short-term exposure concentration(C-STEL),and 5(45.4%) exceeded the limit in the 8 h time weighted average concentration(8 h-TWA). The results of the comprehensive index method show that there were 8 jobs with the occupational health risk index of level 3 and level 4 a-mong 16 TCE jobs respectively,accounting for 50%. Conclusion The occupational health risk grades of TCE-exposed jobs in hardware electroplating enterprises in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City are at medium risk or high risk,so the health risk management should be strengthened in TCE high risk enterprises.