紧急制动下的驾驶员运动姿态变化与碰撞损伤研究

Study on the Motion Posture Change and Crash Injury of Driver Under Autonomous Emergency Braking

为研究AEB的介入对车辆被动安全性的影响,本文中通过志愿者实车测试,借助驾驶机器人和车载高清摄像机,完成了24组不同制动减速度和不同试验速度下驾驶员的运动姿态采集,分析了AEB制动过程中驾驶员的前倾位移量的变化规律。结果表明,在相同制动初始速度下,驾驶员位移量随着制动减速度的增加而加大;当制动减速度较小时,制动初速度对驾驶员位移量的影响不大;当制动减速度较大时,随着制动初速度的增加,驾驶员的位移量波动较大,没有明显的规律。借助THUMS人体模型,通过仿真对比分析正撞工况下有无AEB作用驾驶员的伤害情况,得出了在现有的被动安全开发策略下,AEB的作用会加剧驾驶员的损伤的结论。

In order to study the influence of autonomous emergence braking(AEB)involvement on the passive safety of vehicle,through volunteer's real car tests,with the help of driving robot and on-board high-resolution cameras,24 groups of driver's posture motion data are collected under different braking deceleration and speed,with the changing rule of driver's forward displacement in the process of AEB analyzed in this paper.The results show that at the same initial braking speed,the forward displacement of driver increases with the rise of braking deceleration.Under smaller braking deceleration,the initial braking speed has little effects on the forward displacement of driver,while under larger braking deceleration,the forward displacement of driver exhibits an apparent fluctuation with the rise in initial braking speed,showing no obvious rule.Through a simulation on THUMS human model,the injuries of driver with and without AEB involvement in frontal crash condition are comparatively analyzed,with a conclusion drawn that under existing passive safety development strategy,the involvement of AEB may aggravate driver's injury.