场域理论视野下真人秀节目形象建构研究

Representation in Reality Show from the Perspective of Field Theory

本文从历时态角度考察湖南电视台真人秀节目《变形计》的形象建构变迁轨迹,探讨政治、经济、文化、技术等多重因素对其产生的影响,继而将这一节目置身于娱乐场、新闻场的关系格局中加以阐释。研究发现,从2006年起,《变形计》初期关注城乡差距、教育体制、家庭教育等社会问题,后期逐渐模糊社会背景、聚焦个体形象建构,减少对社会问题的揭示。这档经历本土化改造的真人秀节目,从具有一定的新闻属性转向更明显的娱乐风格,同时通过调整城乡人物形象建构来规避传播风险、体现节目主旋律。可见,除了常规的政治影响之外,消费文化和技术演进带来的流量依赖对节目产生越来越重要的影响,多种因素共同形构了自主性较低的娱乐场。

This article analyzes the changes of representation in a Chinese reality show X-Change in different time periods.It analyzes the influence factors of politics,economy,culture and technology.This research hereby interprets the relation between the entertainment field and the journalistic field in China.It finds that X-Change focused on social problems such as urban-rural divide and educational backwardness in its early stage.The show then gradually blurred the social background and concentrated on building personal image.It tried to avoid further exposure of social issues and turned from a news program into one that is more entertaining.In order to reduce risk and present the main theme of the time,it managed to adjust the image building of urban and rural figures.It shows that besides political impact,online traffic dependence brought by consuption culture and technology evolution is excerting greater influence on TV programs.Multiple factors lead to weaker autonomy of the entertainment field.