福寿螺应对天敌的响应策略与机制研究进展

Research advances on response strategies of Pomacea canaliculata to predator stress and the involved mechanism

福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)作为一种世界性入侵生物,1981年引入我国大陆,严重危害水生作物生产和生态系统功能。福寿螺在入侵过程中,其表型可塑性可能在增强其环境适应性和耐受性方面扮演着重要角色。猎物对天敌诱导的防御响应是其表型可塑性中的一种表现形式。本文从福寿螺的行为(防御、生长、繁殖、后天性学习)、形态(壳形状、壳强度)和生理生化(卵、抗氧化系统)等3个方面对福寿螺应对天敌胁迫的响应策略与机制进行了总结和归纳,强调了福寿螺应对天敌胁迫的响应多样性和性别差异性,并讨论了天敌诱导下福寿螺的能量分配与权衡机制。在此基础上,对福寿螺与天敌互作机制、生物防治技术开发和效果评估等方面进行了展望。

The apple snail,Pomacea canaliculata,is a cosmopolitan alien invasive species.It was introduced to China's Mainland in 1981 and has caused serious damage to aquatic crop production and ecosystem functioning.Phenotypic plasticity may play an important role during the invasion of P.canaliculata,which help invaders to increase their environmental adaptation and tolerance.Phenotypic plasticity frequently involves predator-induced defenses.In this paper,the response strategies and underlying mechanisms of P.canaliculata against predator stresses were reviewed and summarized from three aspects:behaviors(defense,growth,reproduction,learned predator recognition),morphology(shell shape and strength),and physiology and biochemistry(eggs,antioxidant system).The response diversity and sexual dimorphism of P.canaliculata under predation were highlighted,and the predator-induced energy distribution and trade-off mechanisms were discussed.Finally,we proposed research priorities on the interaction mechanisms of P.canaliculata with its predators,technological developments and performance evaluation of biological control.