新型抗流感病毒治疗药baloxavir marboxil的作用机制与临床评价

Mechanism and clinical evaluation of baloxavir marboxil,a new therapeutic agent for influenza

baloxavir marboxil是由Shionogi公司开发的一种新型治疗流行性感冒药。与其他抗流感药物作用机制不同,baloxavir marboxil通过抑制cap依赖的核酸酸性RNA多聚酶(PA)内切酶来阻断病毒基因在转录起始阶段的过程,为近20年来FDA批准的首个具有全新作用机制药。2018年10月24日获FDA批准上市,用于12岁及以上患者急性单纯性流行性感冒的治疗,适用于出现流感症状不超过48 h的患者。本文就其作用机制、药动学、药效学、有效性、安全性等进行综述,以期为临床安全合理用药提供参考。

Baloxavir marboxil is a new drug for influenza developed by Shionogi.Different with other antiinfluenza drugs,it blocks the transcription initiation of viral genes by inhibiting cap-dependent endonuclease,which is the first drug with totally new mechanism of action approved by the FDA in nearly 20 years.On October24,2018,it was approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in patients aged 12 years and older.It is suitable for patients with flu symptoms within 48 h.This article reviews its mechanism of action,pharmacokinetics,pharmacodynamics,effectiveness,and safety,in order to provide a reference for clinical safe and reasonable medication.