城镇居民区无人机超低容量喷雾灭蚊效果评价

Mosquito-killing effect of ultra-low-volume spraying using unmanned aerial vehicle in urban residential areas

目的使用无人机超低容量喷雾技术对城镇居民区的蚊虫进行防控,并对该技术的灭蚊效果进行评价,为蚊虫防控和蚊媒传染病的防控提供基础依据。方法 2017年7月15-27日在浙江省浦江县选取2个类似的居民区(村庄),其一用无人机超低容量喷雾进行5轮灭蚊,两轮之间间隔3 d;另一居民区作为对照。无人机超低容量喷雾灭蚊前,连续3 d用诱蚊灯对2个居民区开展成蚊密度监测,监测工作持续到5轮灭蚊工作后15 d,观察灭蚊点与对照点的蚊密度变化差异,以评价无人机灭蚊效果。成蚊监测结果以每3 d的均值进行统计,依次对两两相邻结果进行密度下降率比较。结果首轮无人机超低容量喷雾灭蚊结束后,灭蚊点雌蚊数减少了41.71%,雄蚊数减少了4.12%,总蚊虫数减少了27.10%;全部5轮无人机超低容量喷雾后的15 d整体灭蚊效果表现为灭蚊点雌蚊数减少了44.34%,雄蚊数减少了20.96%,总蚊虫数减少35.69%。结论无人机超低容量喷雾灭蚊可以用于城镇居民区环境灭杀成蚊,该技术随着科技的发展将会在蚊媒传染病控制中得到广泛应用。

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultra-low-volume spraying using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in mosquito control in urban residential areas, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Two comparable residential areas(villages) were selected in Pujiang county, Zhejiang province, China, from July 15 to 27, 2017. One area applied UAV-based ultra-low-volume spraying to kill mosquitoes for five rounds with an interval of three days, while the other area served as a control. Adult mosquito density surveillance by mosquito trap lamps for the two areas started three days before UAV spraying and continued till 15 days after five rounds of spraying. The changes in mosquito density were compared between the two areas for evaluating the mosquito-killing effect of UAV spraying. The decline rate of mosquito density was calculated based on the mean value of every three days. Results After the first round of UAV spraying, in the spraying area, the number of female mosquitoes decreased by 41.71%, male mosquitoes by 4.12%, and total mosquitoes by 27.10%. Fifteen days after five rounds of UAV spraying, the number of female mosquitoes, male mosquitoes, and total mosquitoes declined by 44.34%, 20.96%, and 35.69%, respectively.Conclusion Ultra-low-volume spraying by UAV is an effective method to kill mosquitoes in urban residential areas, and will be widely used control of mosquito-borne diseases as technology develops.