2015-2019年新疆HIV暴露婴儿早期诊断检测情况分析

Early diagnostic detection of AIDS in HIV-exposed infants in Xinjiang,2015-2019

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)暴露婴儿早期诊断检测情况,为提高新疆HIV暴露儿童早期诊断率,进一步降低艾滋病母婴传播提供依据。方法对新疆婴儿艾滋病早期诊断区域实验室检测的2015年1月至2019年9月出生的HIV暴露婴儿标本数据进行分析,采用SPSS 19.0软件比较不同年份早期诊断率、标本采集时间和检测阳性率的差异。结果 2015年1月至2019年9月,新疆报告HIV感染产妇分娩暴露婴儿共1 636例,其中1 272例至少接受1次早期诊断检测,1次早期诊断率为77.8%(1 272/1 636);995例接受2次早期诊断检测,2次早期诊断率为60.8%(995/1 636),2次早期诊断率呈逐年上升趋势(趋势χ2=119.09,P<0.001)。暴露婴儿第1份标本在出生42 d内完成采集的比例占18.8%,中位数48 d(范围0~301 d);第2份标本在出生90 d内完成采集的比例占13.4%,中位数100 d(范围66~564 d)。995例接受2次早期诊断的暴露婴儿中,结果均为阳性的38例,检测阳性率为3.8%。结论新疆HIV暴露婴儿早期诊断检测率逐年提高,婴儿早期诊断服务网络日趋完善。暴露婴儿2次早期诊断检测率和标本采集及时性仍需提高。

Objective To understand the performance of early diagnostic detection of AIDS in HIV-exposed infants in Xinjiang from January 2015 to September 2019 and provide evidence for increasing the early diagnosis rate in HIV-exposed children in Xinjiang and further reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Methods The sample data of HIV exposed infants born from January 2015 to September 2019, which were obtained from AIDS early diagnosis laboratory in Xinjiang,were analyzed, and software SPSS was used to compare the differences in early diagnosis rate, sample collection time and positive test rate in different years. Results From January 2015 to September 2019, a total of 1 636 exposed infants born by HIV-infected mothers were reported in Xinjiang, in whom 1 272 received at least one early diagnostic detection(77.8%), and995 received two early diagnostic detections(60.8%), and the rate of two early diagnostic detections increased year by year( χ2=119.09, P<0.001). The proportion of HIV-exposed infants with the first sample collected within 42 d after birth was18.8%, the median was 48 d(range: 0–301 d);the proportion of HIV-exposed infants with the second sample collected within90 days after birth was 13.4%, the median was 100 d(range: 66–564 d). Among the 995 HIV-exposed infants who received two early diagnostic detections, 38 had positive results(3.8%). Conclusion The rate of early diagnostic detection of AIDS in HIV-exposed infants in Xinjiang increased with year, and the early diagnostic detection network has become more perfect. The rate of two early diagnostic detections in HIV-exposed infants and the timeliness of sample collection still need to be improved.