贺字号系列花生品种系谱及部分农艺性状分析

Analysis on Some Agronomic Characters and Pedigree in Hezihao Series Peanut Varieties

对广西贺州市农业科学院通过审定的13个花生品种进行系谱关系及农艺性状分析。结果表明,13个花生品种共涉及20个直接亲本,80%来自广西和广东,其中应用次数较多的是汕油523和粤油193;这些审定品种的系谱分析可追溯到30个祖先亲本,含伏花生及狮头企血缘的品种达84.62%,这说明遗传基础过窄,育种难有大的突破;植株的株高、分枝数、含油率变化不大,百果重及荚果产量均有提升,但出仁率有下降的趋势。因此,需要进一步扩宽亲本种质基础,丰富育种手段,继续加强抗病育种及专用性花生选育工作。

The genealogical relationship and agronomic characters of 13 peanut varieties,breeded by Hezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,which had been authorized were analyzed.The results showed that 20 direct parents were involved in 13 varieties,80%of which came from Guangxi and Guangdong Province.Shanyou 523 and Yueyou 193 were used for more times;The genealogical analysis of these certified varieties can be traced back to 30 ancestral parents,the proportion of which contained consanguinity of Fu Peanut and Shitouqi were 84.62%.This demonstrated that genetic basis was rather narrow and it was quite difficult to make a great breakthrough in breeding.Plant height,total number of branches and oil content changed very little,100-pod weight and pod yield increased,whereas there was a downward trend in shelling percentage.Therefore,it is quite necessary to further broaden the germplasm basis of parents,enrich breeding methods,and continue to strengthen disease-resistant breeding and specific peanut breeding.