高中生数学逻辑推理能力发展水平调查研究

A Survey on the Development Level of Mathematical Logic Reasoning Ability in Senior High School Students

逻辑推理能力是高中生数学关键能力之一,指向数学学科的严谨性特征,逻辑推理能力的培养有助于学生数学素养的形成。逻辑推理能力涵盖数量关系与空间图形两个横向维度,可以划分为识别与理解、概括与猜想、探索与论证三个纵向水平。为调查高中生逻辑推理能力发展水平,本研究调查分析5个城市的15所学校2171名高中生在逻辑推理能力上的表现,得出如下结论:高中生逻辑推理能力整体发展水平表现不佳,随着年级增长呈现进阶式发展;高中生逻辑推理能力在数量关系与空间图形两个维度上呈现非均衡性;高中生在逻辑推理的纵向水平上发展不平衡。

Logical reasoning ability is one of the key abilities of high school students in mathematics,pointing to the rigor of mathematics,and the cultivation of logical reasoning ability is conducive to the formation of students’mathematical competences.Logical reasoning ability covers two horizontal dimensions of quantitative relation and spatial figure,which can be divided into three vertical levels:recognition and understanding,generalization and conjecture,exploration and demonstration.To investigate the development level of logical reasoning ability of high school students,this study investigated and analyzed the performance of logical reasoning ability of 2171 high school students in 15 schools in 5 cities.The conclusion is as follows:the overall level of logical reasoning ability of senior high school students is relatively low,showing a progressive development trend with the growth of grade;the logical reasoning ability of senior high school students is unbalanced in two dimensions:quantitative relation and spatial graph.High school students develop unevenly at the vertical level of logical reasoning.