铁过载在急性髓系白血病中的研究进展

Research Progress of Iron Overload in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

铁是人体的必需营养元素之一,人体内铁含量的调控主要通过改变铁调素的水平来控制巨噬细胞对铁的释放及小肠上皮细胞对铁的吸收。在急性髓系白血病(AML)患者中,当红细胞输注过多、无效造血及铁吸收增加时,人体内铁平衡失调导致铁过载。过多的铁沉积在组织器官导致骨髓、肝脏、心脏等多个重要脏器的结构和功能损伤。血清铁蛋白可以有效反映体内铁的含量。在未予治疗的初发AML患者和拟行造血干细胞移植的AML患者中均发现血清铁蛋白水平升高,且血清铁蛋白水平升高导致了AML患者的不良预后。

Iron is one of the essential nutrients for the human body.Regulation of iron content in the human body is mainly through control of the release of iron by macrophages and the iron absorption of small intestinal epithelial cells by changing the level of hepcidin.In patients with acute myeloid leukemia( AML),excessive red blood cell transfusion,ineffective hematopoiesis,and increased iron absorption can lead to iron overload in the body.Excessive deposition of iron in tissues and organs can cause damage to the bone marrow,liver,heart and many other important organs.Serum ferritin can effectively reflect the iron content in the body.Elevated serum ferritin levels have been found in primary untreated AML patients and those with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation plans,and elevated serum ferritin levels led to poor prognoses of the AML patients.