防卫限度的司法异化:现实动因及其抑制路径

Judicial Alienation of Defense Limits:Realistic Motivation and Its Inhibition Path

实证研究表明,关于正当防卫的限度,当下的司法实操与立法本旨各行其是。正当防卫限度的司法异化已成事实。造成这种现象的现实动因错综复杂,大致可以归结为微观层面“失焦”的媒体报道、驳杂的公众评价性认知与专业槽的冲突,中观层面“变了味”的绩效考核,宏观层面对“法律治理化”的期许。在立足中观层面探索抑制防卫限度实践异化的路径时,重在对正当防卫领域案件的上诉率、抗诉率、信访率、改判率等指标做细致的技术性处理,在遵循“行为责任原理”的同时防范考核指标失控的风险。

Empirical research shows that the current judicial practice and the legislative purpose of the current judicial practice and legislative principles have their waysconcerning the limits of legitimate defense.The judicial alienation of justifiable defense limits has become a fact.The realistic causes for this phenomenon are complex,which can be roughly attributed to the“out of focus”media report at the micro-level,the mixed public appraisal cognition and the conflict between professional slot.The“so-called”performance appraisal at the medium level and the expectation of“legal governance”at the macro level.Expectations for“legal governance”.From the perspective of the middle level,we should focus on the careful technical treatment of the indexes such as appeal rate,protest rate,petition rate and judgment change rate in the field of justifiable defense,so as to follow the“principle of behavioral responsibility”and prevent the risk of the evaluation index getting out of control.