基于分析软件“CiteSpace”的声景研究英文文献知识图谱分析

Knowledge map analysis of English references in soundscape research based on CiteSpace software

国外关于声景的探索经历了数十年的发展,对其进行系统梳理与总结对于中国声景研究具有重要的借鉴价值。文章以"Web of Science"核心数据库中近20年的相关英文文献作为研究对象,依托科学计量分析软件CiteSpace的知识图谱绘制功能,展现国外声景研究的学科及期刊分布特征、理论基础与研究热点。研究发现,国外声景研究呈现出明显的多学科特征。在研究热点上,从接续Schafer的理念、关注人类对声景的感知,到兼顾生物圈中非人类生物对声景的响应,再到以"格局-过程"为指导关注区域层面的声景生态特征与演变机制,是国外声景研究的主要发展脉络。声景研究框架的拓展使国外声景研究得以越来越全面和科学地解释和理解声景现象,并为声景实践的开展奠定了良好的基础。不足之处在于研究内容有待深化、研究学科有待融合、声景标准化建设有待加强、声景普及有待提高,而这也是国内声景研究实现跨越发展需要积极补足的方面。

The study of soundscape in foreign countries has experienced decades of development, so it is of important reference value for the study of soundscape in China to systematically sort out and summarize the foreign research achievements. This paper takes English references in soundscape from 1998 to 2018 in "Web of Science" database as study objects, and uses the scientific econometric analysis software-"CiteSpace" to show the distribution characteristics of disciplines and periodicals and the theoretical basis and hotspots of foreign researches. It is found that foreign soundscape researches show obviously multidisciplinary characteristics, and the main development venation of foreign soundscape research is as follows: from continuing the idea of Schafer’s theory to paying attention to human perception of soundscape, to taking into account the response of non-human beings to soundscape in the biosphere, and then to paying attention to the ecological characteristics and evolution mechanism of soundscape at the regional level under the guidance of "pattern-processes". The expansion of soundscape research framework enables foreign soundscape research to explain and understand soundscape phenomena more and more comprehensively and scientifically and to lay a good foundation for the development of soundscape practice. The shortcomings are: the research contents need to be deepened;the research disciplines need to be integrated;the standardization construction of soundscape needs to be strengthened;and the popularization of soundscape needs to be improved. Domestic soundscape research also needs to make up for these shortcommings actively in order to achieve leap-forward development.