福建省2015—2018年农村妇女乳腺癌筛查的流行病学分析及模式探讨

Epidemiological analysis and screening mode of breast cancer screening in Fujian province from 2015 to 2018

目的分析福建省2015—2018年农村妇女乳腺癌筛查结果,探讨乳腺癌筛查模式。方法对福建省35-64岁农村妇女提供乳腺癌筛查,以彩色超声(彩超)为初筛方式,发现可疑者转诊乳腺X线检查,彩超及乳腺X线4-5级者行病理学确诊。结果 2015—2018年乳腺癌发病率分别为56.96/10万、94.41/10万、71.61/10万、73.05/10万,乳腺癌发病高峰年龄段为(46-55)岁,2015—2018年份原位癌构成比呈现上升趋势。彩超的灵敏度为79.06%、彩超异常行乳腺X线检查的灵敏度为91.88%。结论乳腺癌筛查项目的乳腺癌发病率高于地区肿瘤登记发病率,原位癌构成比上升,说明筛查工作初见成效。基于乳腺彩超检查为主的筛查模式灵敏度高,是目前较为适宜的技术方案。

Objective To analyze the screening results of breast cancer in rural women in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2018,and to explore the screening mode of breast cancer.Methods Breast cancer screening was provided for 35-64 years old rural women in Fujian province.Color Doppler ultrasound was used as the primary screening method.Suspected patients were referred to mammography.Color Doppler ultrasound and breast X-ray 4-5 grade were diagnosed by pathology.Results The incidence of breast cancer from 2015 to 2018 was 56.96/10 million,94.41/10 million,71.61/10 million,and 73.05/10 million,respectively.And the peak age of breast cancer was(46-55)years.From 2015 to 2018,the proportion of cancer in situ showed an overall upward trend.The sensitivity of color Doppler ultrasound was 79.06%,and the sensitivity of mammography for those diagnosed abnormally by ultrasound was 91.88%.Conclusion Breast cancer screening for women of the right age is an important measure to raise the rate of early diagnosis and early treatment and reduce the mortality of breast cancer.Screening mode based on breast ultrasound is the most suitable technology.We need to further expand the coverage of screening,improve the screening system and process,and ensure the health of women.