妊娠期女性生殖道感染的危险因素及对妊娠结局的影响

Risk Factors for Reproductive Tract Infections in Pregnant Women and the Impact of Infection on Pregnancy Outcome

目的探讨妊娠期女性生殖道感染的危险因素,并分析感染对妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2017年1月至2017年12月本院接收的妊娠期女性426例为研究对象,采集研究对象的阴道分泌物标本进行细菌培养,分析妊娠期女性生殖道感染情况及感染者病原菌分布情况;采用单因素和多因素logistic回归模型分析妊娠期女性生殖道感染的危险因素;比较两组妊娠结局,探讨生殖道感染对妊娠结局的影响。结果本研究中426例受检对象,生殖道感染的发生率为42.02%(179/426),其中单一感染71例,混合感染108例;革兰阳性菌和解脲脲原体感染占比较高,分别为30.39%、28.43%。单因素分析显示,妊娠期女性生殖道感染与年龄、文化程度、分娩史、流产史、生殖系统感染史、糖尿病史、血红蛋白水平有关(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,文化程度高中及以下、有分娩史、有流产史、有糖尿病史是妊娠期女性生殖道感染的危险因素(OR=3.528、1.486、4.995、4.086,P<0.05);分组研究后显示感染组的不良妊娠结局的发生率高于对照组,多重感染组高于单一感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期女性生殖道感染的病原菌以革兰阳性菌和解脲脲原体为主,文化程度高中及以下、有分娩史、有流产史、有糖尿病史是妊娠期女性生殖道感染的危险因素,妊娠期女性生殖道感染可增加其不良妊娠结局的发生率。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of reproductive tract infections in pregnant women and analyze the impact of infection on pregnancy outcome.Methods 426 pregnant women treated in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were selected.The vaginal secretions of the subjects were collected for bacterial culture,and the infection of reproductive tract and the distribution of the pathogenic bacteria in the pregnant women were analyzed.Single factor and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of reproductive tract infections in pregnant women.The pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared,and the effects of reproductive tract infections on pregnancy outcome were discussed.Results The incidence of genital tract infection in 426 subjects was 42.02%(179/42),including 71 cases of single infection and 108 cases of mixed infection.Gram-positive bacteria and ureaplasmaurealyticum infection accounted for 30.39%and 28.43%respectively.Single factor analysis showed that the reproductive tract infection of women in pregnancy was related to age,educational level,history of labor,history of abortion,reproductive system infection,diabetes and hemoglobin level(P<0.05).Multiple-factor logistic regression analysis showed that education of senior high school and below,childbirth history,abortion history,and diabetes were risk factors for female genital tract infection in pregnancy(OR=3.528,1.486,4.995,4.086,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in the infected group was higher than that of the control group.The multiple infection group was higher than the single infection group(P<0.05).Conclusion The main pathogens of genital tract infection in pregnant women are gram positive bacteria and Ureaplasmaurealyticum infection.Educational background of senior high school and below,history of childbirth,history of abortion and diabetes mellitus are risk factors of reproductive tract infections in pregnant women.Reproductive tract infection may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome.